Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/cěpъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kēi-p- : *(s)koi-p-.

Compare Lithuanian skiẽpas, skiẽpti : skiẽbti, Old High German skivaro, Old Norse skīfa, Ancient Greek σκοῖπος (skoîpos).

Probably related to Ancient Greek σκίπων (skípōn), Latin sсīрiō, Proto-Germanic *skipą (“ship; hollow object”), perhaps Latin scindō (“I split”), Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “I split, cleave”), Sanskrit छिनत्ति (chinatti), perhaps Sanskrit शिफा (śíphā, “fibrous or flexible root”).

Noun

*cěpъ m

1. stick
2. flail

Declension

Declension of *cěpъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*cěpъ	*cěpa	*cěpi
genitive	*cěpa	*cěpu	*cěpъ
dative	*cěpu	*cěpoma	*cěpomъ
accusative	*cěpъ	*cěpa	*cěpy
instrumental	*cěpъmь, *cěpomь*	*cěpoma	*cěpy
locative	*cěpě	*cěpu	*cěpěxъ
vocative	*cěpe	*cěpa	*cěpi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *cěpeněti
• *cěpъkъ
• *cěpьcь

Related terms

• *cěpiti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: цѣпъ (cěpŭ), чепь (čepĭ)
    • Belarusian: цэп (cep)
    • Russian: цеп (cep), цоп (cop) (dialectal), чап (čap), чеп (čep), цепы́ pl (cepý)
    • Russian: цепь (cepʹ), цѣпь (cěpʹ)
      • → Armenian: ցեպ (cʻep)
      • → Finnish: sieppi
      • → Ingrian: tseppi
      • → Karelian: čieppi
      • → Kildin Sami: цӣп (cīp)
    • Ukrainian: цеп (cep)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: цеп (cep), ц'яп (c'jap) (dialectal), цап (cap), цепи́ (cepí), цъ́пи (cǎ́pi)
  • Macedonian: цеп (cep)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: це̑п, ције̑п, цип (dialectal)

    Latin script: cȇp, cijȇp, cȋp (dialectal)

  • Slovene: cȇp
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: cep, cép (dialectal)
  • Polabian: cepoi pl
  • Kashubian: cep
  • Polish: cep
  • Slovak: cap
  • Slovincian: cêpy
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: cypy pl
    • Lower Sorbian: cepy pl

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “цеп”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 366
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*cěpъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 186
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “цеп”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress