Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrčati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Onomatopoeic verb, formed as *dьrkati (“to growl, to tug, to pluck”) +‎ *-ěti. Equivalent to *dьrati (“to tear”) +‎ *-čati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to split”).

The different accente (short raising tone on the root in some dialects and long raising on the ending in others) as well as the difference in meaning may indicate that there are two distinct lemmas behind *dьrčati.

Verb

*dьrčàti impf

1. to buzz, to hum
2. to slip

Conjugation

Conjugation of *dьrčati, *dьrča, *dьrčajetь (impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dьrčanьje	*dьrčati	*dьrčatъ	*dьrčalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dьrčanъ	*dьrčajemъ
Active	*dьrčavъ	*dьrčaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrčaxъ	*dьrča	*dьrča	*dьrčajǫ	*dьrčaješi	*dьrčajetь
Dual	*dьrčaxově	*dьrčasta	*dьrčaste	*dьrčajevě	*dьrčajeta	*dьrčajete
Plural	*dьrčaxomъ	*dьrčaste	*dьrčašę	*dьrčajemъ	*dьrčajete	*dьrčajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrčaaxъ	*dьrčaaše	*dьrčaaše	—	*dьrčaji	*dьrčaji
Dual	*dьrčaaxově	*dьrčaašeta	*dьrčaašete	*dьrčajivě	*dьrčajita	—
Plural	*dьrčaaxomъ	*dьrčaašete	*dьrčaaxǫ	*dьrčajimъ	*dьrčajite	—

Related terms

• *dьrnъkati, *dьrnъčati (“to tang, to rattle, to clatter”)
• *dьrdoriti (“to babble”)
• *dorčiti (“to scuffle, to argue”)
• *dričati, *dricati (“to rink, to skid”) (possibly)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Ukrainian: дерча́ти (derčáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: др̀чати, др́чати

    Latin script: dr̀čati, dŕčati

  • Slovene: drčáti (“to slip”)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: drčeti

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrčati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 220