Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrkati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *dьrcàti

Etymology

Expressive derivative of *dьràti (“to tear, to flay”) +‎ *-kati.

Verb

*dьrkàti impf (perfective *dьrknǫti)

1. to pluck, to pull
2. to jerk, to shake, to hustle
3. (onomatopoeic) to tang, to clatter

Conjugation

Conjugation of *dьrkati, *dьrka, *dьrkajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dьrkanьje	*dьrkati	*dьrkatъ	*dьrkalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dьrkanъ	*dьrkajemъ
Active	*dьrkavъ	*dьrkaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrkaxъ	*dьrka	*dьrka	*dьrkajǫ	*dьrkaješi	*dьrkajetь
Dual	*dьrkaxově	*dьrkasta	*dьrkaste	*dьrkajevě	*dьrkajeta	*dьrkajete
Plural	*dьrkaxomъ	*dьrkaste	*dьrkašę	*dьrkajemъ	*dьrkajete	*dьrkajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dьrkaaxъ	*dьrkaaše	*dьrkaaše	—	*dьrkaji	*dьrkaji
Dual	*dьrkaaxově	*dьrkaašeta	*dьrkaašete	*dьrkajivě	*dьrkajita	—
Plural	*dьrkaaxomъ	*dьrkaašete	*dьrkaaxǫ	*dьrkajimъ	*dьrkajite	—

Related terms

• *dьrpati (“to pluck, to pull”)
• *dьrgati (“to rub, to scrub”)
• *dьrsati (“to draw, to jerk”)
• *dьrliti (“to quarrel, to scold”)

Derived terms

• *dьrkačь (“corncrake”)
• *dьrča (“hunger, famine”) (regional)
• *dьrčati (“to buzz, to hum”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Ukrainian: де́ркати (dérkaty)
• South Slavic:
  • Slovene: dȓkati (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: drkati
  • Slovak: drkať (dialectal)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrkati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 222
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дърцам, дръцвам, дръцкам, дръцна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 465