Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gasiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōs-eye-, lengthened causative of *(s)gʷes-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gesýti (“to extinguish”), 1sg. gesaũ, gèsti (“to be extinguished, to go out”), 1sg. gestù, Latvian dzēst (“to extinguish”), dzist (“to be extinguished, to go out”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit जसते (jásate, “to be extinguished”), जासयति (jāsáyati, “to extinguish, to exhaust”), Ancient Greek σβέννῡμι (sbénnūmi, “to extinguish”).

Verb

*gasìti impf

1. to extinguish

Inflection

Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gašenьje	*gasiti	*gasitъ	*gasilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gašenъ	*gasimъ
Active	*gašь	*gasę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gasixъ	*gasi	*gasi	*gašǫ	*gasiši	*gasitь
Dual	*gasixově	*gasista	*gasiste	*gasivě	*gasita	*gasite
Plural	*gasixomъ	*gasiste	*gasišę	*gasimъ	*gasite	*gasętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gašaaxъ	*gašaaše	*gašaaše	—	*gasi	*gasi
Dual	*gašaaxově	*gašaašeta	*gašaašete	*gasivě	*gasita	—
Plural	*gašaaxomъ	*gašaašete	*gašaaxǫ	*gasimъ	*gasite	—

Notes:
• (*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gašenьje	*gasiti	*gasitъ	*gasilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gašenъ	*gasimъ
Active	*gašь	*gasę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gasixъ	*gasi	*gasi	*gašǫ	*gasiši	*gasitь
Dual	*gasixově	*gasista	*gasiste	*gasivě	*gasita	*gasite
Plural	*gasixomъ	*gasiste	*gasišę	*gasimъ	*gasite	*gasętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gašaaxъ	*gašaaše	*gašaaše	—	*gasi	*gasi
Dual	*gašaaxově	*gašaašeta	*gašaašete	*gasivě	*gasita	—
Plural	*gašaaxomъ	*gašaašete	*gašaaxǫ	*gasimъ	*gasite	—

Notes:
• (*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *gàsnǫti (“to be extinguished, to go out”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: гасити (gasiti)
    • Old Belarusian: гасити (hasiti)
      • Belarusian: гасі́ць (hasícʹ)
    • Ukrainian: гаси́ти (hasýty)
    • Russian: гаси́ть (gasítʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: оугасити (ugasiti)

    Glagolitic script: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: гася́ (gasjá)
  • Macedonian: гаси (gasi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: га́сити

    Latin script: gásiti

  • Slovene: gasīti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hasiti
    • Czech: hasit
  • Kashubian: gasëc
  • Polabian: gosĕ (3sg.)
  • Polish: gasić
  • Slovak: hasiť
  • Slovincian: gasëc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: hasyć
    • Lower Sorbian: gasyś

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “гаси́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 182
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гаси́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gasiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 104