Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mьrtvъ
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *mirtwas, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥twós, from *mer-. Latin mortuus is from the exact same word.
Other cognates:
- *mr̥tós > Sanskrit मृत (mṛta, “dead”), मर्त (marta, “mortal, man”), Avestan 𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (mərəta, “dead”), Old Armenian մարդ (mard, “man”), Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós, “mortal”)
- *mr̥wós > Old Irish marb (“dead”), Gaulish marw (“dead”)
- *mŕ̥trom > Proto-Germanic *murþrą (“murder”).
Adjective
editInflection
editAccent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *mьrtvъ (hard)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *mьrtvъ | *mьrtva | *mьrtvo |
genitive | *mьrtva | *mьrtvy | *mьrtva |
dative | *mьrtvu | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvu |
accusative | *mьrtvъ | *mьrtvǫ | *mьrtvo |
instrumental | *mьrtvomь | *mьrtvojǫ | *mьrtvomь |
locative | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvě |
vocative | *mьrtve | *mьrtvo | *mьrtvo |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *mьrtva | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvě |
genitive | *mьrtvu | *mьrtvu | *mьrtvu |
dative | *mьrtvoma | *mьrtvama | *mьrtvoma |
accusative | *mьrtva | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvě |
instrumental | *mьrtvoma | *mьrtvama | *mьrtvoma |
locative | *mьrtvu | *mьrtvu | *mьrtvu |
vocative | *mьrtva | *mьrtvě | *mьrtvě |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *mьrtvi | *mьrtvy | *mьrtva |
genitive | *mьrtvъ | *mьrtvъ | *mьrtvъ |
dative | *mьrtvomъ | *mьrtvamъ | *mьrtvomъ |
accusative | *mьrtvy | *mьrtvy | *mьrtva |
instrumental | *mьrtvy | *mьrtvami | *mьrtvy |
locative | *mьrtvěxъ | *mьrtvaxъ | *mьrtvěxъ |
vocative | *mьrtvi | *mьrtvy | *mьrtva |
Definite declension of *mьrtvъ (hard)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *mьrtvъjь | *mьrtvaja | *mьrtvoje |
genitive | *mьrtvajego | *mьrtvyję̇ | *mьrtvajego |
dative | *mьrtvujemu | *mьrtvěji | *mьrtvujemu |
accusative | *mьrtvъjь | *mьrtvǫjǫ | *mьrtvoje |
instrumental | *mьrtvyjimь | *mьrtvǫjǫ | *mьrtvyjimь |
locative | *mьrtvějemь | *mьrtvěji | *mьrtvějemь |
vocative | *mьrtvъjь | *mьrtvaja | *mьrtvoje |
dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *mьrtvaja | *mьrtvěji | *mьrtvěji |
genitive | *mьrtvuju | *mьrtvuju | *mьrtvuju |
dative | *mьrtvyjima | *mьrtvyjima | *mьrtvyjima |
accusative | *mьrtvaja | *mьrtvěji | *mьrtvěji |
instrumental | *mьrtvyjima | *mьrtvyjima | *mьrtvyjima |
locative | *mьrtvuju | *mьrtvuju | *mьrtvuju |
vocative | *mьrtvaja | *mьrtvěji | *mьrtvěji |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | *mьrtviji | *mьrtvyję̇ | *mьrtvaja |
genitive | *mьrtvъjixъ | *mьrtvъjixъ | *mьrtvъjixъ |
dative | *mьrtvyjimъ | *mьrtvyjimъ | *mьrtvyjimъ |
accusative | *mьrtvyję̇ | *mьrtvyję̇ | *mьrtvaja |
instrumental | *mьrtvyjimi | *mьrtvyjimi | *mьrtvyjimi |
locative | *mьrtvyjixъ | *mьrtvyjixъ | *mьrtvyjixъ |
vocative | *mьrtviji | *mьrtvyję̇ | *mьrtvaja |
See also
edit- *navъ (“dead man”)
Derived terms
editDerived terms
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “мертвый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “мертвый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 525
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьrtvъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 146
References
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*mь̀rtvъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 342: “adj. o (b) ‘dead’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “mьrtvъ mьrtvo mьrtva”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 110; PR 136)”
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic adjectives
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b
- Proto-Slavic hard adjectives