Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pręsti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)prenˀd-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)prend-. Cognate with Lithuanian sprę́sti (“to stretch, to spread, to judge, to solve”) (3sg. spréndžia), Latvian spriêst (“to stretch, to press, to judge, to discuss”) (1sg. spriêžu), Old English sprindel (“snare, hook”). Derksen ascribes the acute tone in the root to Winter's law.

Verb

*pręsti impf

1. to spin

Inflection

Conjugation of *pręsti, *pręde, *prędetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*prędenьje	*pręsti	*pręstъ	*prędlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*prędenъ	*prędomъ
Active	*prędъ	*prędy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pręd(ox)ъ	*pręde	*pręde	*prędǫ	*prędeši	*prędetь
Dual	*pręd(ox)ově	*pręd(e/os)ta	*pręd(e/os)te	*prędevě	*prędeta	*prędete
Plural	*pręd(ox)omъ	*pręd(e/os)te	*prędǫ, *prędošę	*prędemъ	*prędete	*prędǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pręděaxъ	*pręděaše	*pręděaše	—	*prędi	*prędi
Dual	*pręděaxově	*pręděašeta	*pręděašete	*pręděvě	*pręděta	—
Plural	*pręděaxomъ	*pręděašete	*pręděaxǫ	*pręděmъ	*pręděte	—

Derived terms

• *prędь
• *pręďa (“yarn”)
• *prędačь (“spinner (agent)”)
  • *prędačьstvo (“filature”)
• *prędivo (“spinner (tool)”)
• *prędeno (“spindle”)

Related terms

• *prǫdъ (“stream, current”)
  • *prǫdělь (“bank”)
  • *prǫdišče (“riverbed, channel”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: прꙗсти (prjasti)
    • Belarusian: пра́сці (prásci)
    • Russian: прясть (prjastʹ)
    • Ukrainian: пря́сти (prjásty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: прѧсти (pręsti)

    Glagolitic: ⱂⱃⱔⱄⱅⰻ (pręsti)

  • Bulgarian: преда́ (predá)
  • Macedonian: преде (prede)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пре̏сти

    Latin script: prȅsti

  • Slovene: présti, prẹ́sti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: přiesti
    • Czech: příst
  • Kashubian: przësc, przisc
  • Polish: prząść
  • Slovak: priasť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: přasć
    • Lower Sorbian: pśěsć

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “прясть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 79
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*pręsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 419
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пряду́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress