Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ristati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *riskati

Etymology

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to arise, rise”).

Verb

*ristati impf

1. (intransitive) to haste, to move quickly

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ristati, *rista, *risťetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*ristanьje	*ristati	*ristatъ	*ristalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*ristanъ	*risťemъ
Active	*ristavъ	*risťę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*ristaxъ	*rista	*rista	*risťǫ	*risťeši	*risťetь
Dual	*ristaxově	*ristasta	*ristaste	*risťevě	*risťeta	*risťete
Plural	*ristaxomъ	*ristaste	*ristašę	*risťemъ	*risťete	*risťǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*ristaaxъ	*ristaaše	*ristaaše	—	*risťi	*risťi
Dual	*ristaaxově	*ristaašeta	*ristaašete	*risťivě	*risťita	—
Plural	*ristaaxomъ	*ristaašete	*ristaaxǫ	*risťimъ	*risťite	—

Descendants

• North Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ристати (ristati)
    • Russian: риста́ть (ristátʹ)
  • ⇒ Ukrainian: риска́ти (ryskáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: ристати (ristati)
  • Bulgarian: ри́шкам (ríškam) (dialectal) < *riščьkati

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ристать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “рискати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “ришкам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 271