Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Related to *sьrdьce, as the heart was understood to be the seat of anger.

Verb

*sьrditi

1. to anger
2. to rile

Inflection

Conjugation of *sьrditi, *sьrdi, *sьrditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sьrďenьje	*sьrditi	*sьrditъ	*sьrdilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sьrďenъ	*sьrdimъ
Active	*sьrďь	*sьrdę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrdixъ	*sьrdi	*sьrdi	*sьrďǫ	*sьrdiši	*sьrditь
Dual	*sьrdixově	*sьrdista	*sьrdiste	*sьrdivě	*sьrdita	*sьrdite
Plural	*sьrdixomъ	*sьrdiste	*sьrdišę	*sьrdimъ	*sьrdite	*sьrdętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьrďaaxъ	*sьrďaaše	*sьrďaaše	—	*sьrdi	*sьrdi
Dual	*sьrďaaxově	*sьrďaašeta	*sьrďaašete	*sьrdivě	*sьrdita	—
Plural	*sьrďaaxomъ	*sьrďaašete	*sьrďaaxǫ	*sьrdimъ	*sьrdite	—

Notes:
• (*)*sьrdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: серди́ть (serdítʹ)
  • Ukrainian: се́рдити (sérdyty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: сръдити (srŭditi)
  • Bulgarian: съ́рдя (sǎ́rdja)
  • Macedonian: срди (srdi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ср́дити

    Latin script: sŕditi

  • Slovene: srdíti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: sierdzić (archaic)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сердить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress