Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain:

• *sъmъkъ, related to *sъmykati, *mъčati; it doesn't explain the vowel "o" in some descendants.
• *smъkъ, related to *smykati sę (“to creep, crawl”), Serbo-Croatian сму̑к (“adder”); it doesn't explain the vowel "o" in some descendants. For the meaning compare *pьlzati: *polzъ (> Czech plaz (“reptile”)), Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν (herpetón, “reptile”): ἕρπω (hérpō, “to crawl”), Latin serpēns (“snake”): serpō (“to creep, crawl”).
• Related to *smokъtati (“to smack?, suck?”).
• Influenced by the words above, from **snokъ, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snakō (“snake”) (> Old English snaca > English snake), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sneg- (“to crawl”) (> Sanskrit नाग (nāgá)).
• From **snokъ, from **sъsnokъ, from Alanic *susnaka-, from Proto-Iranian *sušnaka-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćúšnas (> Sanskrit शुष्ण (śúṣṇa)).

Noun

*smokъ m

1. snake, colubrid?
2. dragon, serpent?

Declension

Declension of *smȍkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*smȍkъ	*smȍka	*smȍci
genitive	*smȍka	*smokù	*smòkъ
dative	*smȍku	*smokomà	*smokòmъ
accusative	*smȍkъ	*smȍka	*smȍky
instrumental	*smȍkъmь, *smȍkomь*	*smokomà	*smoký
locative	*smȍcě	*smokù	*smocě̃xъ
vocative	*smoče	*smȍka	*smȍci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

See also

• *zmьjь, *zmьja
• *ǫžь
• *gadъ
• *aščerъ

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: смокъ (smokŭ) (Russian)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: смокъ (smokŭ)
    • Russian: смок (smok) (archaic)
    • Belarusian: цмок (cmok, “wyvern”), смок (smok)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: смок (smok)
  • Macedonian: смок (smok)
  • Slovene: smòk
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: zmok, zmek ('z' can be from zmije)
  • Kashubian: smok
  • Polish: smok (“dragon”)
  • Slovak: zmok ('z' can be from zmija)

• Other:
  • → Lithuanian: smãkas (“dragon, serpent”) (probably)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “смок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “змей”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “полоз”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пресмыкаться”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “росомаха”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 123
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “смокъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[2] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 444