Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/studiti
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editHas the form of a causative/iterative, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stauˀd-ei-tei.
- Per Derksen, outside connections unclear.
- Per Vasmer, possibly connected to Sanskrit तुदति (tudati), तुन्दते (tundate, “to push, to bite, to prick”), Latin tundō (“to beat, to bang”) (infinitive tundere, perfect tutudī), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (stautan, “to push”), Albanian shtynj (“to push”) < *studni̯ō. An alternative hypothesis connects to Ancient Greek στῡ́ω (stū́ō, “to toughen”), with a *-d- root extension.
- Per Chernykh, possibly connected with Ancient Greek στύξ (stúx, “monster, piercing cold, fever”) (gen. στυγός (stugós)).
Verb
edit*studìti
- (transitive) to cool
Inflection
editConjugation of *studiti, *studi, *studitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*stuďenьje | *studiti | *studitъ | *studilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *stuďenъ | *studimъ |
Active | *stuďь | *studę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *studixъ | *studi | *studi | *stuďǫ | *studiši | *studitь |
Dual | *studixově | *studista | *studiste | *studivě | *studita | *studite |
Plural | *studixomъ | *studiste | *studišę | *studimъ | *studite | *studętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *stuďaaxъ | *stuďaaše | *stuďaaše | — | *studi | *studi |
Dual | *stuďaaxově | *stuďaašeta | *stuďaašete | *studivě | *studita | — |
Plural | *stuďaaxomъ | *stuďaašete | *stuďaaxǫ | *studimъ | *studite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*studivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: студя́ (studjá) (obsolescent)
- Macedonian: студи (studi, “to freeze”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: stúditi (“to treat with aversion”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. stúdim (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
References
edit- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “студи́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 213
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*studìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 473
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сту́да”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress