Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tǫpiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *tǫpъ +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*tǫpiti

1. to dull, to blunt

Inflection

Conjugation of *tǫpiti, *tǫpi, *tǫpitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*tǫpľenьje	*tǫpiti	*tǫpitъ	*tǫpilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*tǫpľenъ	*tǫpimъ
Active	*tǫpľь	*tǫpę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tǫpixъ	*tǫpi	*tǫpi	*tǫpľǫ	*tǫpiši	*tǫpitь
Dual	*tǫpixově	*tǫpista	*tǫpiste	*tǫpivě	*tǫpita	*tǫpite
Plural	*tǫpixomъ	*tǫpiste	*tǫpišę	*tǫpimъ	*tǫpite	*tǫpętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tǫpľaaxъ	*tǫpľaaše	*tǫpľaaše	—	*tǫpi	*tǫpi
Dual	*tǫpľaaxově	*tǫpľaašeta	*tǫpľaašete	*tǫpivě	*tǫpita	—
Plural	*tǫpľaaxomъ	*tǫpľaašete	*tǫpľaaxǫ	*tǫpimъ	*tǫpite	—

Notes:
• (*)*tǫpivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *тѫпити (*tǫpiti)
    • Old Ruthenian: тупити (tupiti)
      • Belarusian: тупі́ць (tupícʹ)
      • Ukrainian: тупи́ти (tupýty)
    • Russian: тупи́ть (tupítʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: тъпя̀ (tǎpjà)
  • Macedonian: тупи (tupi) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ту́пити

    Latin script: túpiti

  • Slovene: topíti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: tãpic
  • Old Czech: tupiti
    • Czech: tupit
  • Old Polish: tępić
    • Polish: tępić
    • Silesian: tympić
  • Slovak: tupiť

Further reading

• Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “ту́па”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka: “*tǫpiti”