Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/teplъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *toplъ (South Slavic, possibly under influence of *topiti)

Etymology

Likely the l-participle of an unattested verb **teti (“to become/be hot”) +‎ *-lъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tep-, from Proto-Indo-European *tep-. Cognate with Sanskrit तप् (tap-, “hot”), Latin tepeō (“be hot”) whence English tepid.

Adjective

*teplъ

1. warm

Declension

Indefinite declension of *teplъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*teplъ	*tepla	*teplo
genitive	*tepla	*teply	*tepla
dative	*teplu	*teplě	*teplu
accusative	*teplъ	*teplǫ	*teplo
instrumental	*teplomь	*teplojǫ	*teplomь
locative	*teplě	*teplě	*teplě
vocative	*teple	*teplo	*teplo
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*tepla	*teplě	*teplě
genitive	*teplu	*teplu	*teplu
dative	*teploma	*teplama	*teploma
accusative	*tepla	*teplě	*teplě
instrumental	*teploma	*teplama	*teploma
locative	*teplu	*teplu	*teplu
vocative	*tepla	*teplě	*teplě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*tepli	*teply	*tepla
genitive	*teplъ	*teplъ	*teplъ
dative	*teplomъ	*teplamъ	*teplomъ
accusative	*teply	*teply	*tepla
instrumental	*teply	*teplami	*teply
locative	*teplěxъ	*teplaxъ	*teplěxъ
vocative	*tepli	*teply	*tepla

Definite declension of *teplъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*teplъjь	*teplaja	*teploje
genitive	*teplajego	*teplyję̇	*teplajego
dative	*teplujemu	*teplěji	*teplujemu
accusative	*teplъjь	*teplǫjǫ	*teploje
instrumental	*teplyjimь	*teplǫjǫ	*teplyjimь
locative	*teplějemь	*teplěji	*teplějemь
vocative	*teplъjь	*teplaja	*teploje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*teplaja	*teplěji	*teplěji
genitive	*tepluju	*tepluju	*tepluju
dative	*teplyjima	*teplyjima	*teplyjima
accusative	*teplaja	*teplěji	*teplěji
instrumental	*teplyjima	*teplyjima	*teplyjima
locative	*tepluju	*tepluju	*tepluju
vocative	*teplaja	*teplěji	*teplěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*tepliji	*teplyję̇	*teplaja
genitive	*teplъjixъ	*teplъjixъ	*teplъjixъ
dative	*teplyjimъ	*teplyjimъ	*teplyjimъ
accusative	*teplyję̇	*teplyję̇	*teplaja
instrumental	*teplyjimi	*teplyjimi	*teplyjimi
locative	*teplyjixъ	*teplyjixъ	*teplyjixъ
vocative	*tepliji	*teplyję̇	*teplaja

See also

• *grěti (“to warm, heat”)
• *teti (“to beat”)
• *topiti (“to drown”)

Related terms

• *topiti (“to heat”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: цёплы (cjóply)
  • Russian: тёплый (tjóplyj)
  • Ukrainian: те́плий (téplyj)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: топлъ (toplŭ), *теплъ (*teplŭ)
    • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: теплость (teplostĭ)
  • Bulgarian: то́пъл (tópǎl)
  • Macedonian: топол (topol)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: то̏пао

    Latin script: tȍpao, tȍpal, tȅpal

  • Slovene: tọ́pəł (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: teplý
  • Kashubian: cepłi
  • Polish: ciepły
  • Slovak: teplý
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: ćopły
    • Lower Sorbian: śopły

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тёплый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “тёплый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 236