Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vaditi
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology 1
editProbably causative from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wedH- (“to utter, to call”), cognate with Sanskrit वादयति (vādayati, “to convince, to make to speak”), Ancient Greek αὐδάω (audáō, “to utter”). Further akin to Sanskrit वाद (vāda, “speech, advice”), वदति (vadati, “to speak, to tell”), Ancient Greek αὐδή (audḗ, “voice”).
Often compared with Lithuanian vadìnti (“to call”) and Latvian vadinât (“to lure”), however, no concensus has been reached if the Slavic verb is related to either of them. Derksen considers it phonologically problematic.
Verb
edit- (intransitive) to argue, to brawl
- Synonym: *sъporiti
- (transitive) to scold, to accuse
- (transitive, by extension) to interfere, to hamper (West Slavic)
Conjugation
editVerbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*vaďenьje | *vaditi | *vaditъ | *vadilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *vaďenъ | *vadimъ |
Active | *vaďь | *vadę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vadixъ | *vadi | *vadi | *vaďǫ | *vadiši | *vaditь |
Dual | *vadixově | *vadista | *vadiste | *vadivě | *vadita | *vadite |
Plural | *vadixomъ | *vadiste | *vadišę | *vadimъ | *vadite | *vadętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vaďaaxъ | *vaďaaše | *vaďaaše | — | *vadi | *vadi |
Dual | *vaďaaxově | *vaďaašeta | *vaďaašete | *vadivě | *vadita | — |
Plural | *vaďaaxomъ | *vaďaašete | *vaďaaxǫ | *vadimъ | *vadite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*vadivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Iterative-durative stem: *-vaďati
Derived terms
edit- *obaditi (< earlier *obvaditi)
- *otъvaditi, *orzvaditi (“to scold, to drive off”)
- *povaditi
- *sъvaditi (“to quarrel”)
- *uvaditi (sę)
- *zavaditi, *zavaďati
- *vada (“argument, quarrel, scuffle”) (action noun)
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вадити (vaditi)
- Russian: ва́дить (váditʹ, “to slander”) (archaic)
- ⇒ -ва́дить (-váditʹ)
- Carpathian Rusyn: ва́дити ся (vádyty sja, “to argue”)
- Russian: ва́дить (váditʹ, “to slander”) (archaic)
- Old East Slavic: вадити (vaditi)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vaditi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 512
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “vaditi: vadjǫ vaditь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a anklage (PR 133)”
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “вадить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Anikin, A. E. (2011) “вадить V”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 323
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вадя³”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 112
- “vadinti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
Etymology 2
editMost likely an intensive counter-part[1] of *voditi (“to conduct”) with enlonged grade, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to lead, to conduct”).
Alterantively, akin to Sanskrit वधति (vadhati, “to slay”), Ancient Greek ὠθέω (ōthéō, “to push”), Hittite [script needed] (ḫuett(i)-, “to pull, pluck”) (per BER), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wedʰ- (“to pluck, to jerk”).
Verb
edit*vàditi impf[1]
Conjugation
editVerbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*vaďenьje | *vaditi | *vaditъ | *vadilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *vaďenъ | *vadimъ |
Active | *vaďь | *vadę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vadixъ | *vadi | *vadi | *vaďǫ | *vadiši | *vaditь |
Dual | *vadixově | *vadista | *vadiste | *vadivě | *vadita | *vadite |
Plural | *vadixomъ | *vadiste | *vadišę | *vadimъ | *vadite | *vadętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vaďaaxъ | *vaďaaše | *vaďaaše | — | *vadi | *vadi |
Dual | *vaďaaxově | *vaďaašeta | *vaďaašete | *vadivě | *vadita | — |
Plural | *vaďaaxomъ | *vaďaašete | *vaďaaxǫ | *vadimъ | *vadite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*vadivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Iterative-durative stem: *-vaďati
Derived terms
edit- *jьzvaditi
- *navaditi
- *povaditi
- *orzvaditi
- *otъvaditi
- *zavaditi
- *vadežь (“extraction”)
- *vadačь (agent noun)
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “vaditi”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *va̋diti, pomenilo *‛vleči, napenjati, vpregati’.”
Further reading
edit- Anikin, A. E. (2011) “вадить I, вадить II”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 321
- Anikin, A. E. (2011) “вадить IV”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 322
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вадя¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 111
Etymology 3
editIdentical with one of the above etymologies, but unclear which.
Has been speculated as the origin of personal name Old East Slavic Вадимъ (Vadimŭ) (whence Russian Вади́м (Vadím), Ukrainian Вади́м (Vadým), Belarusian Вадзі́м (Vadzím)), alternatively viewed as corruption of Old Church Slavonic Владимиръ (Vladimirŭ).
Verb
edit*vaditi impf (East Slavic)
Conjugation
editVerbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*vaďenьje | *vaditi | *vaditъ | *vadilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *vaďenъ | *vadimъ |
Active | *vaďь | *vadę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vadixъ | *vadi | *vadi | *vaďǫ | *vadiši | *vaditь |
Dual | *vadixově | *vadista | *vadiste | *vadivě | *vadita | *vadite |
Plural | *vadixomъ | *vadiste | *vadišę | *vadimъ | *vadite | *vadętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *vaďaaxъ | *vaďaaše | *vaďaaše | — | *vadi | *vadi |
Dual | *vaďaaxově | *vaďaašeta | *vaďaašete | *vadivě | *vadita | — |
Plural | *vaďaaxomъ | *vaďaašete | *vaďaaxǫ | *vadimъ | *vadite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*vadivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Anikin, A. E. (2011) “вадить III”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 322
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “вадити”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 318
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-
- Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic