Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ạ̄gu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Etymology edit

Perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *gū (“poison”), compare Nanai гу (gu, “poison”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun edit

*ạ̄gu

(Common Turkic) poison
(Common Turkic) musk

Declension edit

Declension of *ạ̄gu (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural²⁾
nominative	*ạ̄gu	*ạ̄gular
accusative
genitive	*ạ̄gunïŋ	*ạ̄gularnïŋ
dative	*ạ̄guka	*ạ̄gularka
locative	*ạ̄guda	*ạ̄gularda
ablative	*ạ̄gudan	*ạ̄gulardan
instrumental¹⁾		*ạ̄gularïn
equative¹⁾	*ạ̄guča	*ạ̄gularča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants edit

Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: ağı
    - Ottoman Turkish: اغو (ağu)
      - Turkish: ağı
- East Oghuz:
  - Salar: ağu
  - Turkmen: āwy
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (ağı)
  - Chagatai:
    - Uzbek: [script needed] (ɔɣu)
    - Uyghur: ئوغا (ogha), (obsolete) ئاغۇ (aghu)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ағыу (ağıw)
  - Tatar: агу (ağu)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: [script needed] (aɣu)
  - Karachay-Balkar: уу (uu)
  - Karaim: [script needed] (aɣu)
  - ⇒ Kumyk: агъувлу (ağuwlu)
- South Kipchak:
  - - Kazakh: [script needed] (ağu) (dialect), Kazakh: у (u)
    - Nogai: [script needed] (ağuw)
  - East Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: уу (uu)
    - Southern Altai: оо (oo)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (ağu)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ağu)
    - Western Yugur: ağa
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: ыы (ıı)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: аа
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: оо (oo)

References edit

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill