Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yag-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*yag-

1. (intransitive) to shower, fall from the sky of rain, snow, hail etc.

Usage notes

1. The verb requires a noun before it to act as a determiner for what is falling from the sky such as *yagmur (“rain”), *kār (“snow”), *tōlï (“hail”) etc.

Derived terms

• ⇒ *yag-mïr (“rain”)
• ⇒ *yag-ïĺ (“rain”)
• ⇒ *yag-gu (“raincoat”)

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫу (śu)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yağmaq
• Proto-Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: yağmaq
      • Ottoman Turkish: یاغمق (yağmak)
        • Turkish: yağmak
        • Gagauz: yağmaa
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: ýagmak
    • Salar: yağ
• Karluk:
  • Uyghur: ياغماق (yaghmaq)
  • Uzbek: yogʻmoq
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: яуыу (yawıw)
    • Tatar: яварга (yawarga)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: yağmaq
    • Kumyk: явмакъ (yawmaq)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: жауу (jauu)
    • Nogai: явув (yavuv)
  • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жаа (jaa)
    • Southern Altai: јаар (ǰaar)
• Siberian:
  • Northern Altai: тьагарга (tʹagarga)
  • Old Uyghur:
    • Western Yugur: yaɣ-
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: чаар (çaar)
      • Tofa: чаар (çaar)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: чаарға (çaarğa)
      • Shor: чаарға (çaarğa)

References

• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yağ-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 896
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yağmak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 177
• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 57
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jag-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill