Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/angil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin angelus (“angel, messenger”).

Noun

*angil m

1. (Christianity) angel

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*angil
Genitive	*angilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*angil	*angilō, *angilōs
Accusative	*angil	*angilā
Genitive	*angilas	*angilō
Dative	*angilē	*angilum
Instrumental	*angilu	*angilum

Derived terms

• *angilalīk

Descendants

• Old English: enġel, anġel, ænġel, enġyl, enċġel
  • Middle English: aungel, engel, angel, ængel, aungil, aungell, angell, angyl, angyll, angylle, awngel, enngell (contaminated by Anglo-Norman angle)
    • English: angel (see there for further descendants)
    • Scots: angel, aungel
• Old Frisian: angel, engel
  • Saterland Frisian: Ängel
  • West Frisian: ingel
• Old Saxon: engil
  • Middle Low German: engel
    • Low German:
      • German Low German: Engel
        • Plautdietsch: Enjel
      • → Estonian: ingel
  • → Old Norse: engill
    • Icelandic: engill
    • Faroese: eingil
    • Norwegian:
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: engel
      • Norwegian Bokmål: engel
    • Danish: engel
    • Old Swedish: ængil, engil
      • Swedish: ängel
      • → Finnish: enkeli
    • Gutnish: änggel
• Old Dutch: *engil
  • Middle Dutch: engel
    • Dutch: engel
      • Afrikaans: engel
      • Negerhollands: engel
      • → Papiamentu: engel
    • Limburgish: ingel
• Old High German: engil, angil
  • Middle High German: engel
    • Alemannic German: Ängel, Ängu

      Swabian: Engele

    • Bavarian: Engl

      Cimbrian: énghel

    • German: Engel
      • →? Yiddish: ענגעל (engel)
    • Luxembourgish: Engel
    • → Latvian: eņģelis