Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krūd
Proto-West Germanic
editEtymology
editUnknown; possibly:
- from *krūdan (“to press, push, crowd”), with the original meaning “crowding plant, weed”, compare Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”), perhaps from the related iterative *krūttōną (“to pack”),[1]
- cognate with Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”), from βρύω (brúō, “to swell”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”),[2][3][4]
- or borrowed from a substrate language.[5][3]
Noun
edit*krūd n
Inflection
editNeuter a-stem | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | ||
Nominative | *krūd | |
Genitive | *krūdas | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | *krūd | *krūdu |
Accusative | *krūd | *krūdu |
Genitive | *krūdas | *krūdō |
Dative | *krūdē | *krūdum |
Instrumental | *krūdu | *krūdum |
Descendants
edit- Old Frisian: krūd
- Saterland Frisian: Kruud
- West Frisian: bussekruud (second element)
- Old Saxon: krūd
- Old Dutch: krūt
- Old High German: krūt, chrūt
References
edit- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krūda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 306
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gu̯eru-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 479
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 de Vries, Jan (1971) “kruid”, in Nederlands etymologisch woordenboek [Dutch etymological dictionary] (in Dutch), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Vercoullie, Jozef (1925) “kruid”, in Beknopt etymologisch woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), 's-Gravenhage: Nijhoff
- ^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “kruid”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands[1] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
- ^ Torp, Alf (1919) “Krydda”, in Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard), page 330
- ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline (2010) “kruid”, in Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd [Dutch words worldwide][2] (in Dutch), The Hague: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, →OCLC
Categories:
- Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies
- Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from substrate languages
- Proto-West Germanic terms derived from substrate languages
- Proto-West Germanic lemmas
- Proto-West Germanic nouns
- Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns
- gmw-pro:Plants
- gmw-pro:Spices and herbs
- Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns