Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/umbihringijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *umbi- +‎ *hringijan.

Verb

*umbihringijan

1. to encircle, to surround

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*umbihringijan
1st sg. past	*umbihringidā
Infinitive	*umbihringijan
Genitive infin.	*umbihringijannjas
Dative infin.	*umbihringijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*umbihringijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*umbihringiju	*umbihringidā
2nd singular	*umbihringisi	*umbihringidēs, *umbihringidōs
3rd singular	*umbihringiþi	*umbihringidē, *umbihringidā
1st plural	*umbihringijum	*umbihringidum
2nd plural	*umbihringiþ	*umbihringidud
3rd plural	*umbihringijanþ	*umbihringidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*umbihringijē	*umbihringidī
2nd singular	*umbihringijēs	*umbihringidī
3rd singular	*umbihringijē	*umbihringidī
1st plural	*umbihringijēm	*umbihringidīm
2nd plural	*umbihringijēþ	*umbihringidīd
3rd plural	*umbihringijēn	*umbihringidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*umbihringi
Plural	*umbihringiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*umbihringijandī	*umbihringid

Descendants

• Old English: ymbhrinġan
• Old Saxon: *umbihringian
  • Middle Low German: ummeringen, ümmeringen
• Old Dutch: *umbiringen
  • Middle Dutch: omberingen, ommeringen, omberinghen, ommeringhen
    • Dutch: omringen
• Old High German: umbiringen
  • Middle High German: umberingen, ummeringen
    • German: umringen