User:Tropylium/Proto-Finnic/notes
Since there is no such thing as a single standard reference for Proto-Finnic, this page collects some tidbits.
Phonology
editNon-contracted long vowels
editType 1: *oo < *aa < *aRə; *ee < *ää < *äRə ("Lehtinen's Law")
- *oo << *aRə
- *oo << *ëRə
- *oo << *äRä
- *ee << *ärə
- ? stem type mismatch: *seeni < PU *śänä
- ? retained unraised: *ääni < PU *äne
- ? retained: *pandak < PU *pëne- (irregular also elsewhere)
Type 2: √CVV < √CV
- *noo < PU *no
- *too < PU *to
- *puu < PU ? *po (no evidence for bisyllabic **puwe, *powe vel. sim.)
- *muu < PU ? *mo
Contracted long vowels
editType 1a (open from *ə-stems):
- *aa < *axə, *aŋə
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *kaŋere
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *mëxe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *saxe-
- *ää < *äxə, *äŋə
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *jäŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← IE
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *päŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *säŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *śäxe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *śäxäre
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← IE
Type 1b (mid from *ə-stems): *oo < *owə, *oxə, *oŋə; *öö < *ewə, *exə, *eŋə; *ee < *ejə
- *oo
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *loŋe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *toxe-
- ? Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *powe (Ob-Ugric *pooj, maybe dissim.; or ~ po)
- ? Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *toxe (or ← Gmc, or ~ PS *sōńë)
- *öö
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *mexe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *peŋerä
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *sewe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *tewe
- ? Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← < PU *texe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU ? *eje (maybe *ewje, cf. MsP Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "mns" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. pro ˣjij)
- *ee
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *keje-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← Gmc
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *teje
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *wexe- (dissimilation *w-x > *w-j and not **w-w?)
- ? Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *jëxe-
- Retained:
- Not exceptions:
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *powŋe (not **poŋe)
Type 1c (close from *ə-stems): *uu < *uwə, *uŋə; *üü < *üjə, *üwə, *üŋə, ? *iwe; *ii < *ijə, *iŋə
- *uu
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *kuŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *lëwe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *śowe
- *üü
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *püŋe (? *püŋew, cf. püvü; *pëŋkōj)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *püŋe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU ? *siwe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *tüwene
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *śixele (not **śijele)
- ? Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *kijewä (not **küji)
- *ii
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *šiŋere
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← < PU *kixe-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *piŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *riŋeše
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *siŋe or *śije
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← < PU *wije-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← < PU *wiŋe
- Retained:
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *suŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *tüŋe
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *tüwene
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *kiwe (analogical? cf. Veps kiü, SWFi kiy, Fi Kyyjärvi etc.)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU [Term?]
Type 2 (mid < close): *ou < *ox-
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *suxe-
Type 3 (mid from *A-stems): *(v)oo < *uwa, *(v)öö < *üwä (not fully general!)
- *oo < *uwa, *uŋa
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← IE
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *uwa
- *öö < *üwä, *üŋä, *iwä, *iŋä
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. (< PU *tiwä)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. ← Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. (← IE)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *liwä- (not **lewe-)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *miŋä (not **müŋä)
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. < PU *üŋä?
- Retained:
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "fiu-fin-pro" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- Liv. õvā