adcumaing

Old Irish

Etymology

From in- +‎ com- +‎ ·icc.

Verb

ad·cumaing (prototonic ·ecmaing)

1. to strike
2. to happen
3. to happen to be

For quotations using this term, see Citations:adcumaing.

Usage notes

• The prototonic third-person singular present is commonly used in absolute position to introduce an event that happened, regardless of whether the event happened in the present or past, even when normally the deuterotonic would be used there.
• In the sense "happen to be", the subject is encoded as an infixed object pronoun.

Inflection

For the preterite, an s-preterite is used in the sense “to strike”, while in the sense “to happen”, reduplicated preterites tend to be used.

Complex, class B I present, reduplicated and s preterite, s subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.			ad·cumaing
	Prot.			·ecmaing
Imperfect indicative	Deut.			ad·coimged
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.	ad·comchus		ad·cáemnacair; atom·chomnaic (with infixed pronoun tom-); ad·comaing			ad·comcisset
	Prot.				·ecmaingsem
Perfect	Deut.
	Prot.
Future	Deut.
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.			·ecmai
Past subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Derived terms

• do·ecmaing

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ad·cumaing	ad·chumaing	ad·cumaing pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ad-cumaing”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language