adfeilio
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
ad- + an unclear root *bal + -io, possibly related to ball (“pestilence, destruction”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
adfeilio (first-person singular present adfeiliaf)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | adfeiliaf | adfeili | adfeilia | adfeiliwn | adfeiliwch | adfeiliant | adfeilir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | adfeiliwn | adfeilit | adfeiliai | adfeiliem | adfeiliech | adfeilient | adfeilid | |
| preterite | adfeiliais | adfeiliaist | adfeiliodd | adfeiliasom | adfeiliasoch | adfeiliasant | adfeiliwyd | |
| pluperfect | adfeiliaswn | adfeiliasit | adfeiliasai | adfeiliasem | adfeiliasech | adfeiliasent | adfeiliasid, adfeiliesid | |
| present subjunctive | adfeiliwyf | adfeiliech | adfeilio | adfeiliom | adfeilioch | adfeiliont | adfeilier | |
| imperative | — | adfeilia | adfeilied | adfeiliwn | adfeiliwch | adfeilient | adfeilier | |
| verbal noun | adfeilio | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | adfeiliedig, adfeiledig adfeiliadwy, adfeiladwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | adfeilia i, adfeiliaf i | adfeili di | adfeilith o/e/hi, adfeiliff e/hi | adfeiliwn ni | adfeiliwch chi | adfeilian nhw |
| conditional | adfeiliwn i, adfeilswn i | adfeiliet ti, adfeilset ti | adfeiliai fo/fe/hi, adfeilsai fo/fe/hi | adfeilien ni, adfeilsen ni | adfeiliech chi, adfeilsech chi | adfeilien nhw, adfeilsen nhw |
| preterite | adfeiliais i, adfeilies i | adfeiliaist ti, adfeiliest ti | adfeiliodd o/e/hi | adfeilion ni | adfeilioch chi | adfeilion nhw |
| imperative | — | adfeilia | — | — | adfeiliwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms edit
- adfeiliad (“ruin, decay”)
- adfeiliedig (“ruined, in ruin, decayed”)
Mutation edit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
| adfeilio | unchanged | unchanged | hadfeilio |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “adfeilio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies