agrest

See also: Agrest, agrèst, and agrëst

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• hrabrest

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin agrestis. First attested in 1472.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /aɡrɛst/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /aɡrɛst/

Noun

agrest m animacy unattested

1. type of sour wine
   • 1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎^[1], number 1039:

     Agrest pusca

     [Agrest pusca]

   • 1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎^[2], number 1033:

     Hrabrest vinum pomorum al. pomaceum

     [Hrabrest vinum pomorum al. pomaceum]

Descendants

• Masurian: angrést
• Polish: agrest
• Silesian: agrys, agryz, angrys, angryst, hangrys

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “agrest, hrabrest”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

agrest

Alternative forms

• agresta (Middle Polish, 16th-early 17th century)
• angrest (Middle Polish or dialectal, since the 18th century)
• agreszt (Middle Polish, 17th century)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish agrest (“type of sour wine”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.ɡrɛst/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ɡrɛst/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɡrɛst
• Syllabification: a‧grest

Noun

agrest m inan (related adjective agrestowy)

1. European gooseberry, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa) [from 16th c.]

   chiński agrest ― Chinese gooseberry

   dziki agrest ― wild gooseberry

   zielony agrest ― green gooseberry

   czerwony agrest ― red gooseberry

   czarny agrest ― black gooseberry

   krzak agrestu ― a gooseberry bush

   krzew agrestu ― a gooseberry shrub

   owoc agrestu ― a gooseberry fruit

   uprawa agrestu ― gooseberry cultivation/growing/crop/farming

   liście agrestu ― gooseberry leaves

   • 2000, Roman Antoszewski, Kariera na trzy karpie morskie‎^[3], Philip Wilson:

     Zupełnie zapomniałam, ten słoik z konfiturami truskawkowymi na cukrze wyniosłyśmy do piwniczki z Baśką, bo tu nie było miejsca. Tu mam agrest, ale Władek najlepiej lubił truskawki mocno scukrzone, choć mu to szkodziło.

     I had completely forgotten that I took this jar of strawberry sugar preserves out to the basement with Baśka because up here there was no room. Here I have gooseberry, but Władek loved strongly sweetened strawberreis best, even though it was bad for his health.

2. (Middle Polish) fine sour wine [15th–17th c.]

Declension

Declension of agrest

	singular	plural
nominative	agrest	agresty
genitive	agrestu	agrestów
dative	agrestowi	agrestom
accusative	agrest	agresty
instrumental	agrestem	agrestami
locative	agreście	agrestach
vocative	agreście	agresty

Derived terms

nouns

• agrestnik
• agreściak
• agreśniak

 

Descendants

• → Old Ruthenian: акгрестъ (agrest), а́ґрисъ (ágris), а́кгрестъ (ágrest), а́gрестъ (ágrest), а́грестъ (áhrest)
  • Belarusian: агрэ́ст (ahrést); а́грыст (áhryst), а́груст (áhrust), а́граст (áhrast), я́грыст (jáhryst), я́грус (jáhrus), я́груст (jáhrust), я́грэст (jáhrest) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: а́ґрус (ágrus); а́грус (áhrus), а́ґруст (ágrust), а́груст (áhrust), а́ґрес (ágres), а́грес (áhres), а́ґрест (ágrest), а́грест (áhrest), а́ґрис (ágrys), ґа́ґриз (gágryz), а́ґрист (ágryst), я́ґрес (jágres), я́грес (jáhres), я́ґрест (jágrest), я́грост (jáhrost), я́нґрес (jángres), я́нґрест (jángrest) (dialectal)
  • → Middle Russian: а́грестъ (ágrest), а́гростъ (ágrost)
    • Russian: а́грест (ágrest), а́грус (ágrus) (dialectal)

Further reading

• agrest in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• agrest in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• agrest in PWN's encyclopedia
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “agrest”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “agrest”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “agrest”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 14

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin agrestis or French agreste.

Adjective

agrest m or n (feminine singular agrestă, masculine plural agrești, feminine and neuter plural agreste)

1. rustic

Declension

Declension of agrest

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	agrest		agrestă	agrești	agreste
	definite	agrestul		agresta	agreștii	agrestele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	agrest		agreste	agrești	agreste
	definite	agrestului		agrestei	agreștilor	agrestelor