athair
See also: Athair
Irish
editPronunciation
edit- (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈɑhəɾʲ/, /ˈahəɾʲ/[1]
- (Aran) IPA(key): /ˈæhəɾʲ/
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /æːɾʲ/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈahæɾʲ/[2] (as if spelled atháir)
Etymology 1
editEtymology tree
From Old Irish athair, from Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.[3]
Noun
editathair m (genitive singular athar, nominative plural aithreacha)
- father (male parent; term of address for a priest; male ancestor more remote than a parent, a progenitor)
- Fuair m’athair bás.
- My father died.
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 21:
- ḱē n xȳ ə wil tū, ə æhŕ̥?
- [Cén chaoi a bhfuil tú, a athair?]
- How are you, father? [could be addressed to one’s own father or to a priest, as in English]
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22:
- mə æhŕəxə
- [m’aithreacha]
- my fathers, my ancestors
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22:
- nə h-æhŕəxə n̄ȳfe[4]
- [na haithreacha naofa]
- the Church Fathers
- ancestor
- sire
Declension
editDeclension of athair
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
- Archaic nominative/vocative plural: aithre
- Archaic genitive plural: aithreach
- Archaic dative plural: aithribh, aithreachaibh
Coordinate terms
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
edit- aithriúil (“fatherly”, adjective)
Etymology 2
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
editathair f (genitive singular athrach)
Declension
editDeclension of athair
Bare forms (no plural for this noun):
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
edit- athair thalún (“milfoil, yarrow”)
Mutation
editIrish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
athair | n-athair | hathair | t-athair |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 187, page 93
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 80, page 33
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 athair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Corrected by the author on p. 257 to nȳfə
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “athair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “athair”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page aṫair
Old Irish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editathair m (genitive athar, nominative plural aithir)
- father
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 124b3
- Ní du ṡémigud pectha at·ber-som inso .i. combad dó fa·cherred: “ní sní cetid·deirgni ⁊ ní sní dud·rigni nammá”; acht is do chuingid dílguda dosom, amal du·rolged dïa aithrib íar n-immarmus.
- It is not to palliate sin that he says this, i.e. so that he might put it for this: “we have not done it first and we have not done it only”; but it is to seek forgiveness for himself, as his fathers had been forgiven after sinning.
- (literally, “…as had been forgiven to his fathers”)
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 124b3
Inflection
editMasculine r-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | athair | athairL | aithir |
Vocative | athair | athairL | aithrea |
Accusative | athairN | athairL | aithrea |
Genitive | athar | athar | aithreN, athraeN |
Dative | athairL | aithrib, athraib | aithrib, athraib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms
editDescendants
editMutation
editOld Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
athair (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-athair |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 athair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Scottish Gaelic
editEtymology
editEtymology tree
From Old Irish athair, from Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editathair m (genitive singular athar, plural athraichean)
Declension
editDeclension of athair (type Vb masculine noun)
Indefinite | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | athair | athraichean |
Genitive | athar | athraichean |
Dative | athair | athraichean |
Definite | ||
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | (an) t-athair | (na) h-athraichean |
Genitive | (an) athar | (nan) athraichean |
Dative | (an) athair | (na) h-athraichean |
Vocative | athair | athraichean |
Antonyms
editDerived terms
edit- athair-baistidh (“godfather”)
- athair-cèile (“father-in-law”)
- bràthair-athar (“paternal uncle”)
- Là nan Athraichean (“Father's Day”)
- piuthar-athar (“paternal aunt”)
- taobh athar (“paternal”)
Mutation
editScottish Gaelic mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
athair | n-athair | h-athair | t-athair |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 athair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Irish terms with quotations
- Irish fifth-declension nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- ga:Male family members
- ga:Parents
- ga:Plants
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish nouns
- Old Irish masculine nouns
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish r-stem nouns
- sga:Male family members
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic nouns
- Scottish Gaelic masculine nouns
- Scottish Gaelic fifth-declension nouns
- gd:Family
- gd:Male