bachall

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish bachall, from Latin baculum.

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /ˈbˠɑxəl̪ˠ/
• (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈbˠaxəl̪ˠ/

Noun

bachall f or m (genitive singular bachaille, nominative plural bachalla)

1. crook (shepherd's staff)

   Synonyms: caimín, camóg, crúca

2. (Christianity) crosier
3. ringlet (of hair)

   Synonyms: búcla, caschiabh, drol, fáinne, fáinneog, iodh, lúibín

4. tramp (of spade)
5. hooked nose

Declension

Declension of bachall

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative bachall bachalla Vocative a bhachall a bhachalla Genitive bachaille bachall Dative bachall bachalla

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an bhachall na bachalla Genitive na bachaille na mbachall Dative leis an mbachall don bhachall leis na bachalla

Derived terms

• go barra bachall (“in abundance”)
• bachallach (“crooked, hooked; curled, ringleted; circinate”, adjective)
• bachaillín m (diminutive)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bachall	bhachall	mbachall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bachall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bachall”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “bachall”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin baculum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbaxal͈]

Noun

bachall f (genitive bachlae, nominative plural bachla)

1. staff

   Synonyms: crann, maide, slat, stáinse, trostán

2. shepherd's crook

   Synonyms: cammán, cammóc, stáinse

3. (Christianity) crosier
4. (Christianity, figuratively) holy orders, ordination, calling, pilgrimage
5. hurley-stick

   Synonym: cammán

6. (late) curl, tress

   Synonyms: corn, fáinne, gibne, id

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bachallL	bachaillL	bachlaH
Vocative	bachallL	bachaillL	bachlaH
Accusative	bachaillN	bachaillL	bachlaH
Genitive	bachlaeH	bachallL	bachallN
Dative	bachaillL	bachlaib	bachlaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: bachall
• Scottish Gaelic: bachall
• ⇒ Middle Irish: bachlach
  • Irish: bathlach
  • Scottish Gaelic: balach

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
bachall	bachall pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/	mbachall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bachall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• bachull

Etymology

From Old Irish bachall, from Latin baculum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaxəl̪ˠ/

Noun

bachall m (genitive singular bachaill)

1. shepherd's crook
2. staff
3. (Christianity) crosier
4. old shoe or slipper
5. rim of a cart
6. tennis-racket
7. dolt

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
bachall	bhachall
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “bachall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “bachall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language