billonner

French

Etymology

From billon +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

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Verb

billonner

1. to make or circulate counterfeit coinage
2. to ridge (in fields)

Conjugation

Conjugation of billonner (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	billonner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	billonnant /bi.jɔ.nɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		billonné /bi.jɔ.ne/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	billonne /bi.jɔn/	billonnes /bi.jɔn/	billonne /bi.jɔn/	billonnons /bi.jɔ.nɔ̃/	billonnez /bi.jɔ.ne/	billonnent /bi.jɔn/
	imperfect	billonnais /bi.jɔ.nɛ/	billonnais /bi.jɔ.nɛ/	billonnait /bi.jɔ.nɛ/	billonnions /bi.jɔ.njɔ̃/	billonniez /bi.jɔ.nje/	billonnaient /bi.jɔ.nɛ/
	past historic2	billonnai /bi.jɔ.ne/	billonnas /bi.jɔ.na/	billonna /bi.jɔ.na/	billonnâmes /bi.jɔ.nam/	billonnâtes /bi.jɔ.nat/	billonnèrent /bi.jɔ.nɛʁ/
	future	billonnerai /bi.jɔn.ʁe/	billonneras /bi.jɔn.ʁa/	billonnera /bi.jɔn.ʁa/	billonnerons /bi.jɔn.ʁɔ̃/	billonnerez /bi.jɔn.ʁe/	billonneront /bi.jɔn.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	billonnerais /bi.jɔn.ʁɛ/	billonnerais /bi.jɔn.ʁɛ/	billonnerait /bi.jɔn.ʁɛ/	billonnerions /bi.jɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/	billonneriez /bi.jɔ.nə.ʁje/	billonneraient /bi.jɔn.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	billonne /bi.jɔn/	billonnes /bi.jɔn/	billonne /bi.jɔn/	billonnions /bi.jɔ.njɔ̃/	billonniez /bi.jɔ.nje/	billonnent /bi.jɔn/
	imperfect2	billonnasse /bi.jɔ.nas/	billonnasses /bi.jɔ.nas/	billonnât /bi.jɔ.na/	billonnassions /bi.jɔ.na.sjɔ̃/	billonnassiez /bi.jɔ.na.sje/	billonnassent /bi.jɔ.nas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	billonne /bi.jɔn/	—	billonnons /bi.jɔ.nɔ̃/	billonnez /bi.jɔ.ne/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• billonnage

Further reading

• “billonner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.