brukti
Lithuanian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *bruś/k-,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruḱ-.[1] Cognates include Bulgarian бръсна (brǎsna, “to shave”).[1]
Pronunciation
editVerb
editbrùkti (third-person present tense brùka, third-person past tense brùko) [2]
- (transitive) to shove, thrust
- (transitive) (to press to buy): to thrust, force
- (transitive) to drive
- (transitive) (flax) to scutch
Conjugation
editConjugation of brukti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
bruku | bruki | bruka | brukame, brukam |
brukate, brukat |
bruka | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
brukau | brukai | bruko | brukome, brukom |
brukote, brukot |
bruko | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
brukdavau | brukdavai | brukdavo | brukdavome, brukdavom |
brukdavote, brukdavot |
brukdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
bruksiu | bruksi | bruks | bruksime, bruksim |
bruksite, bruksit |
bruks | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
brukčiau | bruktum, bruktumei |
bruktų | bruktumėme, bruktumėm, bruktume |
bruktumėte, bruktumėt |
bruktų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | bruk, bruki |
tebruka, tebrukie |
brukime, brukim |
brukite, brukit |
tebruka, tebrukie | ||
Participles of brukti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | brukąs, brukantis | brukamas | |
| past | brukęs | bruktas | |
| past frequentative | brukdavęs | — | |
| future | bruksiąs, bruksiantis | bruksimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | bruktinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | brukdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | brukant | |
| past | brukus | ||
| past frequentative | brukdavus | ||
| future | bruksiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | brukte, bruktinai | ||
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editverbs derived from brukti
- api-brukti
- į-brukti
- (reflexive) į-si-brukti
- iš-brukti
- nu-brukti
- pa-brukti
- su-brukti
- (reflexive) su-si-brukti
- už-brukti
- (reflexive) bruktis
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 65.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 “brukti” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
- “brukti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN