caeth

Welsh

Etymology 1

From Old Welsh kaeth, kaet, cahet, cayt (“slave”), from Proto-Brythonic *kaɨθ, from Proto-Celtic *kaxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /kaːɨ̯θ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /kai̯θ/
• Rhymes: -aːɨ̯θ

Adjective

caeth (feminine singular caeth, plural caethion, equative caethed, comparative caethach, superlative caethaf)

1. bound, captive, tied
2. addicted
3. strict (poetic metre)

Noun

caeth m (plural caethion)

1. slave
2. captive
3. bondsman, villein

Derived terms

• canu caeth (“strict metre poetry”)
• caeth i'r tŷ (“housebound”)
• caethiwed (“bondage, enslavement”)
• caethiwo (“to enslave”)
• caethwas (“slave”)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• cafodd

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /kaːɨ̯θ/
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /kaːθ/
• (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /kai̯θ/
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /kaːθ/
• Rhymes: -aːɨ̯θ

Verb

caeth

1. third-person singular preterite of cael

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
caeth	gaeth	nghaeth	chaeth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “caeth”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies