cruas

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern crua).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais)

Declension

Declension of cruas

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case	Singular
Nominative	cruas
Vocative	a chruais
Genitive	cruais
Dative	cruas

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular
Nominative	an cruas
Genitive	an chruais
Dative	leis an gcruas don chruas

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cruas	chruas	gcruas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Galician-Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

feminine plural of cruu

Portuguese

Adjective

cruas

feminine plural of cru

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crúas (“hardness, stiffness, rigour”), from crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”) (compare modern cruaidh, which probably shares the same ultimate root).

Noun

cruas m (genitive singular cruais, no plural)

difficulty, hardship, crisis, severity, durability, distress, rigour
illiberality, stinginess

Synonyms

(illiberality): mì-shuairceas, neo-fhialaidheachd, neo-fhlathaileachd, neo-uaisle

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
cruas	chruas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Edward Dwelly (1911) “cruas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language