cuver
French edit
Etymology edit
In the sense “to ferment”, from cuve; first attested in 1433. The other senses either have the same origin or come from Latin cubare (“to sleep”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
cuver
- (intransitive) to ferment
- (transitive, colloquial) to sleep off (especially of alcohol)
- (intransitive, colloquial) to sleep or rest after drinking
- (transitive) to calm
- cuver sa colère ― simmer down
- (intransitive, Argad'z) to lie around, laze about
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of cuver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | cuver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | cuvant /ky.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | cuvé /ky.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cuve /kyv/ |
cuves /kyv/ |
cuve /kyv/ |
cuvons /ky.vɔ̃/ |
cuvez /ky.ve/ |
cuvent /kyv/ |
| imperfect | cuvais /ky.vɛ/ |
cuvais /ky.vɛ/ |
cuvait /ky.vɛ/ |
cuvions /ky.vjɔ̃/ |
cuviez /ky.vje/ |
cuvaient /ky.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | cuvai /ky.ve/ |
cuvas /ky.va/ |
cuva /ky.va/ |
cuvâmes /ky.vam/ |
cuvâtes /ky.vat/ |
cuvèrent /ky.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | cuverai /ky.vʁe/ |
cuveras /ky.vʁa/ |
cuvera /ky.vʁa/ |
cuverons /ky.vʁɔ̃/ |
cuverez /ky.vʁe/ |
cuveront /ky.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cuverais /ky.vʁɛ/ |
cuverais /ky.vʁɛ/ |
cuverait /ky.vʁɛ/ |
cuverions /ky.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cuveriez /ky.və.ʁje/ |
cuveraient /ky.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cuve /kyv/ |
cuves /kyv/ |
cuve /kyv/ |
cuvions /ky.vjɔ̃/ |
cuviez /ky.vje/ |
cuvent /kyv/ |
| imperfect2 | cuvasse /ky.vas/ |
cuvasses /ky.vas/ |
cuvât /ky.va/ |
cuvassions /ky.va.sjɔ̃/ |
cuvassiez /ky.va.sje/ |
cuvassent /ky.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | cuve /kyv/ |
— | cuvons /ky.vɔ̃/ |
cuvez /ky.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading edit
- “cuver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.