doeim

Old Irish

Etymology

From dí- +‎ Proto-Celtic *emeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to take, distribute”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [doˈheβ̃ʲ]

Verb

do·eim (prototonic ·dim, verbal noun dítiu)

1. to protect, defend
2. to cover, shelter, hide

Inflection

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, é and f future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.		do·eme	do·eim, du·em			do·emat	do·emar
	Prot.			·dim					·dimter
Imperfect indicative	Deut.			di·emed			du·emtis
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			do·ét
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.	do·rét, do·rrét		do·rét, do·rrét; dund·rét (with infixed pronoun d-)
	Prot.
Future	Deut.	do·ém		du·éma; do·emfea			do·emfet	do·émthar
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.		du·emae	do·ema			do·remat (ro-form)	do·emthar
	Prot.			·dimea; ·deroima (ro-form)
Past subjunctive	Deut.			du·emmais				do·emthae
	Prot.							·dimthe
Imperative			dum·em (with infixed pronoun m-)
Verbal noun		dítiu
Past participle		díte
Verbal of necessity		díti

Quotations

• c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 39^c22

  Amal do·n-emat éoin a suthu, arin·deroima-som Día samlid.

  Like a bird protects its offspring, may God protect him in the same manner.

• c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 40^b8

  cach la céin aisndís dïa thrógai, in céin n-aili aisṅdís dind ḟortacht du·rat Día dó ⁊ indas dund·rét

  at the one time a statement of his misery, at another time a statement of the help that God has given him and how he has protected him

• c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 67^c5

  Du·fí .i. du·éma són.

  he will avenge, i.e. he will protect

• c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 31^a1

  .i. im chétni precept .i. do·rret-sa soscele.

  i.e. in my first teaching, [in which] I defended the Gospel.

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
do·eim (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	do·n-eim
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “doeim”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 512