Middle English

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Proper noun

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heofon

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of hevene

Noun

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heofon

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of hevene

Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *hebn. Probably related to both Proto-West Germanic *himil and Proto-Germanic *himinaz, but the origins of the relationship are mysterious.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈxe͜o.fon/, [ˈhe͜o.von]

Noun

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heofon m or f

  1. sky
    Eall þā lēaf sind brūn, and sē heofon grǣġ.
    All the leaves are brown, and the sky is gray.
  2. heaven
    • late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
      Æfter þisum ġebede, bærst ūt of heofonum swȳþe fǣrlīċ fȳr and forbernde þæt templ, and ealle þā godas grundlunga suncon intō þǣre eorþan, and ne ætēowdon siþþan.
      After this prayer, a very sudden fire burst out of the heavens and burned up the temple, and all the gods sunk completely into the earth, and have not appeared since.

Usage notes

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  • Heofon is consistently strong and masculine in early Old English (up to c. 950), but in late Old English it is usually feminine, often as weak heofone.
  • The meaning heaven, like certain locations or abstract concepts, does not use the definite article. The meaning sky uses the definite article most of the time when singular, though there are a fair number of apparently interchangeable exceptions.
  • There is some overlap between the usage of this word and lyft (air, sky). See there for more.

Declension

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masculine

Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative heofon heofonas
accusative heofon heofonas
genitive heofones heofona
dative heofone heofonum
feminine

Strong ō-stem:

Derived terms

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Descendants

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