hiru

Basque

Basque numbers ^(edit)

	30
←  2	3	4  →
Cardinal: hiru     Ordinal: hirugarren     Multiplier: hirukoitz     Fractional: heren

Alternative forms

• hirur (Navarro-Lapurdian, Upper Navarrese, Souletin)
• irur, iru (Souletin)

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Basque *(h)iluŕ (“three”). Often compared with Iberian ilun (“three”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /iɾu/, [i.ɾu]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /hiɾu/, [ɦi.ɾu]

• Audio

  (file)

Numeral

hiru

1. three

Usage notes

The declension of the plural forms changes when used as a pronoun. This is not currently reflected in the table below.

Declension

Declension of hiru (numeral, ending in vowel)
		indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive		hiru	hirua	hiruak
ergative		hiruk	hiruak	hiruek
dative		hiruri	hiruari	hiruei
genitive		hiruren	hiruaren	hiruen
comitative		hirurekin	hiruarekin	hiruekin
causative		hirurengatik	hiruarengatik	hiruengatik
benefactive		hirurentzat	hiruarentzat	hiruentzat
instrumental		hiruz	hiruaz	hiruez
inessive	anim.	hirurengan	hiruarengan	hiruengan
	inanim.	hirutan	hiruan	hiruetan
locative	anim.	—	—	—
	inanim.	hirutako	hiruko	hiruetako
allative	anim.	hirurengana	hiruarengana	hiruengana
	inanim.	hirutara	hirura	hiruetara
terminative	anim.	hirurenganaino	hiruarenganaino	hiruenganaino
	inanim.	hirutaraino	hiruraino	hiruetaraino
directive	anim.	hirurenganantz	hiruarenganantz	hiruenganantz
	inanim.	hirutarantz	hirurantz	hiruetarantz
destinative	anim.	hirurenganako	hiruarenganako	hiruenganako
	inanim.	hirutarako	hirurako	hiruetarako
ablative	anim.	hirurengandik	hiruarengandik	hiruengandik
	inanim.	hirutatik	hirutik	hiruetatik
partitive		hirurik	—	—
prolative		hirutzat	—	—

Further reading

• “hiru” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus
• "hiru" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
• “hiru” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

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Japanese

Romanization

hiru

1. Rōmaji transcription of ひる
2. Rōmaji transcription of ヒル