hordeum

See also: Hordeum

Latin

Alternative forms

• ordeum

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *horzdeom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰr̥sdeyom (“bristly”) after the long prickly awns of the ear of grain.

Cognate to Old High German gersta (“barley”), German Gerste (“barley”), English gorse. Related to Latin horreo (“to bristle”), hirsutus (“hairy”), and ericius (“urchin”)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈhor.de.um/, [ˈhɔrd̪eʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈor.de.um/, [ˈɔrd̪eum]

Noun

hordeum n (genitive hordeī); second declension

1. barley

Usage notes

Classical writers used plural forms, but critics such as Bavius claimed that it should be used only in the singular.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	hordeum	hordea
Genitive	hordeī	hordeōrum
Dative	hordeō	hordeīs
Accusative	hordeum	hordea
Ablative	hordeō	hordeīs
Vocative	hordeum	hordea

Derived terms

• hordeāceus
• hordeārius
• hordeātus
• hordeolus
• hordior

Descendants

• Aromanian: ordzu
• Catalan: ordi, orxata
• Dalmatian: vuarz
• Dutch: orgeade
• English: orgeat, horchata
• Franco-Provençal: horgeo, horgeat
• French: orge, orgeat
• Friulian: vuardi
• Italian: orzo, orzata
• Megleno-Romanian: uorz, uorḑ
• Occitan: òrdi, ordiat
• Old Galician-Portuguese: orjo
  • Galician: orxo
• Romanian: orz
• Romansch: ierdi, üerdi
• Sardinian: ogliu, olzu, orgiu, orju, orzu
• Sicilian: oriu (from an earlier “òrjiu”)
• Spanish: hordio, horchata
• Translingual: Hordeum

References

• “hordeum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hordeum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• hordeum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.