infensus

Latin

Etymology

Formed as if the perfect passive participle of a (not necessarily extant) verb *īnfendō, from in- +‎ *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike”). Compare dēfēnsus from dēfendō. Contrast īnfestus, which is unrelated .

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /inˈfen.sus/, [ĩːˈfẽːs̠ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈfen.sus/, [iɱˈfɛnsus]

Adjective

īnfēnsus (feminine īnfēnsa, neuter īnfēnsum); first/second-declension adjective

1. hostile, inimical, aggressive

   Synonyms: hostīlis, inimīcus, inīquus, īnfestus, adversus, dīversus, āversus, oblīquus

   Antonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis, benevolēns

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.320–321:

     “Tē propter Libycae gentēs Nomadumque tyrannī / īnfēnsī Tyriī.”

     “Because of you, the Libyan tribes and the Numidian king [all] hate [me], [and even my own] Tyrian people [are] hostile [to me].”

2. enraged
3. dangerous

   Synonyms: anceps, perīculōsus, dubius, capitālis

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	īnfēnsus	īnfēnsa	īnfēnsum		īnfēnsī	īnfēnsae	īnfēnsa
Genitive	īnfēnsī	īnfēnsae	īnfēnsī		īnfēnsōrum	īnfēnsārum	īnfēnsōrum
Dative	īnfēnsō		īnfēnsō		īnfēnsīs
Accusative	īnfēnsum	īnfēnsam	īnfēnsum		īnfēnsōs	īnfēnsās	īnfēnsa
Ablative	īnfēnsō	īnfēnsā	īnfēnsō		īnfēnsīs
Vocative	īnfēnse	īnfēnsa	īnfēnsum		īnfēnsī	īnfēnsae	īnfēnsa

Derived terms

• īnfēnsō

References

• “infensus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “infensus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• infensus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.