kertel
See also: kértél
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom the same stem as kerül + -tel (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1]
Verb
editkertel
- (intransitive) to hedge (to evade the truth deliberately when answering questions)
- Synonyms: csűr-csavar; hebeg-habog; hímez-hámoz; kerülgeti, mint macska a forró kását; kibúvókat keres; kitér a válaszadás elől; köntörfalaz; mellébeszél; ötöl-hatol
- Ne kertelj, mondd meg az igazat! ― Don’t hedge, tell the truth!
Conjugation
editconjugation of kertel
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelek | kertelsz | kertel | kertelünk | kerteltek | kertelnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | kerteltem | kerteltél | kertelt | kerteltünk | kerteltetek | kerteltek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kertelni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kertelék | kertelél | kertele | kertelénk | kertelétek | kertelének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kertel vala, kertelt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kertelendek | kertelendesz | kertelend | kertelendünk | kertelendetek | kertelendenek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelnék | kertelnél | kertelne | kertelnénk | kertelnétek | kertelnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kertelt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kerteljek | kertelj or kerteljél |
kerteljen | kerteljünk | kerteljetek | kerteljenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kertelt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | kertelni | kertelnem | kertelned | kertelnie | kertelnünk | kertelnetek | kertelniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
kertelés | kertelő | kertelt | ― | kertelve (kertelvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of kertel
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhetek | kertelhetsz | kertelhet | kertelhetünk | kertelhettek | kertelhetnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | kertelhettem | kertelhettél | kertelhetett | kertelhettünk | kertelhettetek | kertelhettek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kertelheték | kertelhetél | kertelhete | kertelheténk | kertelhetétek | kertelhetének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kertelhet vala, kertelhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kertelhetendek or kertelandhatok |
kertelhetendesz or kertelandhatsz |
kertelhetend or kertelandhat |
kertelhetendünk or kertelandhatunk |
kertelhetendetek or kertelandhattok |
kertelhetendenek or kertelandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhetnék | kertelhetnél | kertelhetne | kertelhetnénk | kertelhetnétek | kertelhetnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kertelhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhessek | kertelhess or kertelhessél |
kertelhessen | kertelhessünk | kertelhessetek | kertelhessenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kertelhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (kertelhetni) | (kertelhetnem) | (kertelhetned) | (kertelhetnie) | (kertelhetnünk) | (kertelhetnetek) | (kertelhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (kertelhetve / kertelhetvén) | ||||
Etymology 2
editVerb
editkertel
- (transitive, dialectal, archaic) to fence (to build a fence around the garden) as in this nursery rhyme [1]:
- Én kis kertet kerteltem, bazsarózsát ültettem.
- Szél, szél fújdogálja, eső, eső veregeti, hú!
- I fenced a little garden, I planted a peony,
- Wind, wind keeps blowing it gently, rain, rain keeps falling on it gently, huh!
Conjugation
editconjugation of kertel
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelek | kertelsz | kertel | kertelünk | kerteltek | kertelnek | |
Def. | kertelem | kerteled | kerteli | kerteljük | kertelitek | kertelik | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertellek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kerteltem | kerteltél | kertelt | kerteltünk | kerteltetek | kerteltek | ||
Def. | kerteltem | kertelted | kertelte | kerteltük | kerteltétek | kertelték | |||
2nd-p. o. | kerteltelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kertelni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kertelék | kertelél | kertele | kertelénk | kertelétek | kertelének | ||
Def. | kertelém | kerteléd | kertelé | kertelénk | kertelétek | kertelék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kertel vala, kertelt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kertelendek | kertelendesz | kertelend | kertelendünk | kertelendetek | kertelendenek | ||
Def. | kertelendem | kertelended | kertelendi | kertelendjük | kertelenditek | kertelendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelnék | kertelnél | kertelne | kertelnénk | kertelnétek | kertelnének | |
Def. | kertelném | kertelnéd | kertelné | kertelnénk (or kertelnők) |
kertelnétek | kertelnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kertelt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kerteljek | kertelj or kerteljél |
kerteljen | kerteljünk | kerteljetek | kerteljenek | |
Def. | kerteljem | kerteld or kerteljed |
kertelje | kerteljük | kerteljétek | kerteljék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kerteljelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kertelt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | kertelni | kertelnem | kertelned | kertelnie | kertelnünk | kertelnetek | kertelniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
kertelés | kertelő | kertelt | kertelendő | kertelve (kertelvén) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of kertel
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhetek | kertelhetsz | kertelhet | kertelhetünk | kertelhettek | kertelhetnek | |
Def. | kertelhetem | kertelheted | kertelheti | kertelhetjük | kertelhetitek | kertelhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kertelhettem | kertelhettél | kertelhetett | kertelhettünk | kertelhettetek | kertelhettek | ||
Def. | kertelhettem | kertelhetted | kertelhette | kertelhettük | kertelhettétek | kertelhették | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kertelheték | kertelhetél | kertelhete | kertelheténk | kertelhetétek | kertelhetének | ||
Def. | kertelhetém | kertelhetéd | kertelheté | kertelheténk | kertelhetétek | kertelheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kertelhet vala, kertelhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kertelhetendek or kertelandhatok |
kertelhetendesz or kertelandhatsz |
kertelhetend or kertelandhat |
kertelhetendünk or kertelandhatunk |
kertelhetendetek or kertelandhattok |
kertelhetendenek or kertelandhatnak | ||
Def. | kertelhetendem or kertelandhatom |
kertelhetended or kertelandhatod |
kertelhetendi or kertelandhatja |
kertelhetendjük or kertelandhatjuk |
kertelhetenditek or kertelandhatjátok |
kertelhetendik or kertelandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhetendelek or kertelandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhetnék | kertelhetnél | kertelhetne | kertelhetnénk | kertelhetnétek | kertelhetnének | |
Def. | kertelhetném | kertelhetnéd | kertelhetné | kertelhetnénk (or kertelhetnők) |
kertelhetnétek | kertelhetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kertelhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kertelhessek | kertelhess or kertelhessél |
kertelhessen | kertelhessünk | kertelhessetek | kertelhessenek | |
Def. | kertelhessem | kertelhesd or kertelhessed |
kertelhesse | kertelhessük | kertelhessétek | kertelhessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | kertelhesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kertelhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (kertelhetni) | (kertelhetnem) | (kertelhetned) | (kertelhetnie) | (kertelhetnünk) | (kertelhetnetek) | (kertelhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | kertelhető | Neg. adj. | kertelhetetlen | Adv. part. | (kertelhetve / kertelhetvén) | ||||
References
edit- ^ kertel in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
edit- (to hedge): kertel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (to fence): kertel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Middle English
editNoun
editkertel
- Alternative form of kirtel
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛl
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛl/2 syllables
- Hungarian terms with homophones
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -tel
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -el
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian dialectal terms
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- hu:Talking
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with multiple verb etymologies
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns