-el
See also: Appendix:Variations of "el"
Contents
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.
Alternative formsEdit
SuffixEdit
-el
- Suffix forming nouns, originally denoting an instrument, from verbs, usually spelt -le except after n and e.
- Diminutive suffix in words of Germanic origin.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English -el, a merger of two suffixes:
- Old English -el (diminutive suffix)
- Old French -el (diminutive suffix), from Latin -ellus
SuffixEdit
-el
Derived termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
AbenakiEdit
SuffixEdit
-el
- Used on verbs, together with the prefix k-, to indicate that the first person singular (I) is the actor and the second person singular (you) is the object of the verb.
- n'kezalmô
- I love
- k'kezalmel
- I love you (singular)
- n'kezalmô
Usage notesEdit
The suffix is spelled -ol by some writers.
See alsoEdit
BretonEdit
DanishEdit
DutchEdit
EsperantoEdit
SuffixEdit
-el
- in [...] way
- -el is the ending for correlatives of manner or degree
Derived termsEdit
- kiel: in what way, in what manner, how
- tiel: in that way, in that manner, thus
- ĉiel: in every way, in every manner
- iel: in some way, in some manner, somehow
- neniel: in no way, nohow
- (nonce) aliel: in another way, somehow else
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French -el, inherited from Latin -ālis. Doublet of -al.
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-el
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- German: -ell
See alsoEdit
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-el
- (personal suffix) Used to form the second-person singular present tense of verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- (verb-forming suffix) Appended to a noun to form a verb.
- (noun-forming suffix) Appended to a verb to form a noun (no longer productive in this role).
Usage notesEdit
Present tense indefinite - personal endings
Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||
én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
-ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm | |
te | 2nd person singular | -sz | ||
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | ||
after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl | |
ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | – | ||
-ik verbs | -ik | |||
mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | |
ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök | |
ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek |
- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -sz added to verbs not in the categories listed below
- -asz added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -esz added to front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -ol added to back vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- -el added to unrounded front vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- -öl added to rounded front vowel verbs ending in s, sz, z, dz
- (verb-forming suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -l is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final long vowels may shorten, e.g. ű → ü.
- -ol is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -al is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -el is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
- -öl is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
- -ál is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant
- (noun-forming suffix) Harmonic variants:
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Low GermanEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Low German -el, from Old Saxon -il, from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.
SuffixEdit
-el m
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Low German -ling. Result of resegmentation of nouns with -el and -ing suffixes. See the English suffix -ling. Akin to English, Dutch and German -ling.
SuffixEdit
-el m
- A suffix that describes a male person (or other creature) in terms of a place of origin or a quality, as defined by the root to which it is added. Now often replaced by a compound with Jung for a male person, and Deern for a female person such as Lehrjung, Lehrdeern (male/female pupil).
Derived termsEdit
NormanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French -el, from Latin -ālis.
SuffixEdit
-el
- makes an adjectival form of a noun; -al
Derived termsEdit
Old EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Germanic *-a-l-.
SuffixEdit
-el
- Alternative form of -ol
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Germanic *-ilaz.
Alternative formsEdit
SuffixEdit
-el m
- (causes i-mutation) agent and instrumental suffix creating nouns from verbs
DeclensionEdit
Declension of -el
DescendantsEdit
- English: -le
Old FrenchEdit
PolishEdit
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-el m
- Forms masculine agent nouns.
DeclensionEdit
Masculine personal:
declension of -el
Masculine animate:
declension of -el
Masculine inanimate:
declension of -el
Derived termsEdit
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-el m (plural -ei, feminine -ea, feminine plural -ele)
- used to form a masculine diminutive of a word (e.g. băiat (“boy”) + -el → băiețel (“little boy”)
DeclensionEdit
declension of -el