kham

See also: Kham, khăm, and khảm

Pali edit

Alternative forms edit

Alternative forms

𑀔𑀫𑁆 (Brahmi script)
खम् (Devanagari script)
খম্ (Bengali script)
ඛම් (Sinhalese script)
ခမ် or ၶမ် (Burmese script)
ขมฺ or ขัม (Thai script)
ᨡᨾ᩺ (Tai Tham script)
ຂມ຺ or ຂັມ (Lao script)
ខម៑ (Khmer script)
𑄈𑄟𑄴 (Chakma script)

Etymology edit

Inherited from Sanskrit क्षम् (kṣam).

Root edit

kham

to find bearable

Derived terms edit

khamati (“he endures”)

Phalura edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /kham/

Adverb edit

kham (Perso-Arabic spelling کھم)

Co-lexicalized intensifier

References edit

Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[2], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Romani edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫 (ghamma),^[1]^[2] from Sanskrit घर्म (gharmá, “hot weather, sunshine”).^[1]^[2]^[3] Cognate with Nepali घाम (ghām, “sun, sunlight”), Gujarati ઘામ (ghām, “heat, perspiration”).

Noun edit

kham m (nominative plural khama)

sun^[2]^[3]^[4]

Descendants edit

Caló: cam

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gharmá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 240
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kham”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 155a
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Yaron Matras (2002) Romani: A Linguistic Introduction‎^[1], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 27, 34, 39, 40
^ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kham, -es- m. -a, -en-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 211b

Vietnamese edit

Etymology edit

Sino-Vietnamese word from 堪.

Pronunciation edit

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [xaːm˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kʰaːm˧˧] ~ [xaːm˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [kʰaːm˧˧] ~ [xaːm˧˧]

Verb edit

kham

to endure

Derived terms edit

kham khổ (“miserable”)
kham nhẫn (“enduring”)

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