Wiktionary

sun

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sun"

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

sun

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sundanese.

EnglishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English sonne, sunne, from Old English sunne, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wen-, oblique of Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

See also Saterland Frisian Sunne, West Frisian sinne, German Low German Sünn, Dutch zon, German Sonne, Icelandic sunna; outside of Germanic, Welsh huan, Sanskrit स्वर् (svar), Avestan 𐬓𐬇𐬧𐬔‎ (xᵛə̄ṇg)).

Related to sol, Sol, Surya, and Helios. More at solar.

Alternative formsEdit

  • (proper noun, star which the Earth revolves around): Sun (capitalized)
  • sonne, sunne (obsolete spelling)

Proper nounEdit

sun

 
The sun photographed by Skylab 4.
  2. The star that the Earth revolves around and from which it receives light and warmth.
    • 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, H.L. Brækstad, transl., Folk and Fairy Tales, page 233:
      "I suppose I may have leave to do that!" Yes, she could do that, he said, but there was no road to that place; it lay east of the sun and west of the moon, and she could never find her way there.
    • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
      'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.
Usage notesEdit
  • While the sun by tradition is typically regarded as masculine, the noun itself was originally feminine in grammatical gender.
TranslationsEdit
See sun/translations § Proper noun.

NounEdit

sun (plural suns)

  1. (astronomy) A star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system.
    • 2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Haestrom Codex entry:
      Because Haestrom's sun has overwhelmed the planet's protective magnetosphere, humans foolhardy enough to venture into geth-controlled Haestrom must exercise extreme caution. Minutes of radiation exposure will overload shields and hours of exposure will kill.
  2. The light and warmth which is received from the sun; sunshine or sunlight.
    • c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
      Lambs that did frisk in the sun.
    • 1835, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], “The Knight of Provençe, and His Proposal”, in Rienzi, the Last of the Tribunes. […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book II (The Revolution), page 184:
      His fair hair waved long and freely over a white and unwrinkled forehead: the life of a camp and the suns of Italy had but little embrowned his clear and healthful complexion, which retained much of the bloom of youth.
  3. (figurative) Something like the sun in brightness or splendor.
  4. (chiefly literary) Sunrise or sunset.
    • 1609-11, William Shakespeare, Cymbeline, Act III, Scene 2:
      Imogen: […] Pr'ythee, speak, / How many score of miles may we well ride / 'Twixt hour and hour / Pisanio: One score, 'twixt sun and sun, / Madam, 's enough for you; and too much too. / Imogen: Why, one that rode to his execution, man, / Could never go so slow.
    • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
      [W]hilst many an hunger-starved poor creature pines in the street, wants clothes to cover him, labours hard all day long, runs, rides for a trifle, fights peradventure from sun to sun, sick and ill, weary, full of pain and grief, is in great distress and sorrow of heart.
    • 1849, Henry David Thoreau, A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, published 1873, page 357:
      I love these sons of earth every mother's son of them, with their great hearty hearts rushing tumultuously in herds from spectacle to spectacle, as if fearful lest there should not be time between sun and sun to see them all, and the sun does not wait more than in haying-time.
    • 1962, Harry S. Truman, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Harry S. Truman, page 651:
      You see, the President has five jobs, any one of which would be more than a full-time job for one man; but I have to do all five of them between sun and sun.
    • 1997, Alan Dean Foster, Howling Stones, page 149:
      “Tomorrow at first sun.” Not being much of a morning person, she winced internally. “First sun?” “It is the proper time, when the flowers of the pohoroh first open to the light.”
  5. A revolution of the Earth around the Sun; a year.
  6. A transversing of the sky by the Sun; a day.
  7. The nineteenth trump/major arcana card of the Tarot.
  8. (cartomancy) The thirty-first Lenormand card.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
See sun/translations § Noun.

VerbEdit

sun (third-person singular simple present suns, present participle sunning, simple past and past participle sunned)

  1. (transitive) To expose to the warmth and radiation of the sun.
    Synonym: apricate
    Beautiful bodies lying on the beach, sunning their bronzed limbs.
    • 2000, William Laurance, Stinging Trees and Wait-a-Whiles: Confessions of a Rainforest Biologist:
      There were lots of zany antics and we tried not to stare too obviously at the beautiful women toplessly sunning themselves...
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
      Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. He was dressed out in broad gaiters and bright tweeds, like an English tourist, and his face might have belonged to Dagon, idol of the Philistines. A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.
  2. (transitive) To warm or dry in the sunshine.
  3. (intransitive) To be exposed to the sun.
  4. (intransitive, alternative medicine) To expose the eyes to the sun as part of the Bates method.
HypernymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
See sun/translations § Verb.

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Japanese 寸 (sun). Doublet of cun.

NounEdit

sun (plural sun)

  1. A traditional Japanese unit of length, approximately 30.3 millimetres (1.193 inches).

Etymology 3Edit

NounEdit

sun (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form of sunn (“the plant”)

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

BambaraEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

sun

  1. trunk (of tree)
Usage notesEdit

Often used in a compound with the name of a tree to indicate that kind of tree.

Etymology 2Edit

From Arabic صَوْم‎ (ṣawm, “fasting; abstaining from food, drink, and sex”), from Classical Syriac ܨܘܡܐ‎ (ṣawmāʾ).

NounEdit

sun

  1. fasting (during the month of Ramadan)

NounEdit

sun

  1. to fast

BavarianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German sun, from Old High German sunu, from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”). Cognate with German Sohn, Dutch zoon, English son, Icelandic sonur.

NounEdit

sun

  1. (Sauris) son

ReferencesEdit

CimbrianEdit

NounEdit

sun m

  1. (Tredici Comuni) son

ReferencesEdit

  • Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

CzechEdit

EtymologyEdit

Deverbal from sunout

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sun m inan

  1. slide

DeclensionEdit

Declension of sun
singular plural
nominative sun suny
genitive sunu sunů
dative sunu sunům
accusative sun suny
vocative sune suny
locative sunu, suně sunech
instrumental sunem suny

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • sun in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • sun in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • sun in Internetová jazyková příručka

FinnishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈsun/, [ˈs̠un]
  • Rhymes: -un
  • Syllabification(key): sun

Etymology 1Edit

Possibly from etymology 2, originally as a replacement of mun, eroded variant of muin which was reinterpreted as the genitive singular of mä.

ConjunctionEdit

sun

  1. (coordinating) A coordinating conjunction expressing generality.
    En nyt jouda, kun tässä on sitä sun tätä tekemistä.
    I don't have time for that because I have this and that to do (miscellaneous stuff/things to do).
    Lautanen oli täynnä makaroonilaatikkoa, makkaraa, salaattia, perunamuussia sun muuta pöperöä.
    The plate was full of macaroni casserole, sausage, salad, mashed potatoes and other grub.

Etymology 2Edit

From the standard language form sinun (“your, yours”).

PronounEdit

sun

  1. (colloquial) genitive of sä

FriulianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin sonus.

NounEdit

sun m (plural suns)

  1. sound
  2. music

SynonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

Inari SamiEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Samic *sonë.

PronunciationEdit

  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

PronounEdit

sun

  1. he, she, it

See alsoEdit

Inari Sami personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person mun muoi mij
2nd person tun tuoi tij
3rd person sun suoi sij

Further readingEdit

  • sun in Marja-Liisa Olthuis, Taarna Valtonen, Miina Seurujärvi and Trond Trosterud (2015–2022) Nettidigisäänih Anarâškiela-suomakielâ-anarâškielâ sänikirje‎[1], Tromsø: UiT
  • Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

IndonesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch zoen (“kiss”), from Middle Dutch zoene, soen, soene, swoene (“reconciliation; atonement; kiss”), from Old Dutch *sōna, *swōna (“reconciliation; peace; agreement”), from Proto-Germanic *sōnō, *swōnō (“appeasement; reconciliation; atonement; sacrifice”), from Proto-Indo-European *swā-n- (“healthy; whole; active; vigorous”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈsʊn]
  • Hyphenation: sun

NounEdit

sun (first-person possessive sunku, second-person possessive sunmu, third-person possessive sunnya)

  1. kiss, a touch with the lips, usually to express love or affection, or as a greeting.
    Synonym: ciuman

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

JavaneseEdit

NounEdit

sun

  1. a kiss

KaingangEdit

FWOTD – 12 May 2013

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. To warm oneself by staying near a fire.[1]

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ “sun” in Editora Esperança, Dicionário Kaingang-Português Português-Kaingang, Ursula Gojtéj Wiesemann, 2nd edition, 2011, page 83.

LadinEdit

PrepositionEdit

sun

  1. on, over
  2. in

VerbEdit

sun

  1. Alternative form of son

ManchuEdit

RomanizationEdit

sun

  1. Romanization of ᠰᡠᠨ

MandarinEdit

RomanizationEdit

sun

  1. Nonstandard spelling of sūn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of sǔn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of sùn.

Usage notesEdit

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

sun

  1. Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

sun

  1. Alternative form of sone (“son”)

Mimi of NachtigalEdit

EtymologyEdit

Similar to (and likely a borrowing of, or possibly the lender of) the word used for water in the "third Mimi" language, Amdang sunu, which in turn is (per Starostin) "most likely cognate with Fur suːn ‘waterhole, well’".

NounEdit

sun

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • George Starostin, On Mimi

Min NanEdit

For pronunciation and definitions of sun – see 孫 (“grandchild; grandson; etc.”).
(This character, sun, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 孫.)

North FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian sand, from Proto-Germanic *samdaz. Cognates include West Frisian sân.

NounEdit

sun n (plural sun)

  1. (Föhr-Amrum) sand

Derived termsEdit

OkinawanEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. romanized of すん

Old DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse sonr, sunr, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz.

NounEdit

sun m (nominative plural synær)

  1. son

DescendantsEdit

  • Danish: søn

QuiripiEdit

NounEdit

sun

  1. (Unquachog) stone

ReferencesEdit

RomanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of suna

Etymology 2Edit

Probably from Latin sonus, or from the verb suna.

NounEdit

sun n (plural sunuri)

  1. (archaic) sound
DeclensionEdit
Declension of sun
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) sun sunul (niște) sunuri sunurile
genitive/dative (unui) sun sunului (unor) sunuri sunurilor
vocative sunule sunurilor
SynonymsEdit

ScotsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old English sunne, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wen- (“sun”), oblique stem *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

sun (plural suns)

  1. sun

Derived termsEdit

VietnameseEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. (intransitive) To shrink.
  2. (transitive) To pull together.
    sun vai
    to pull one’s shoulders together

ReferencesEdit

YorubaEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sùn

  1. to sleep
    Mo sùn gbalaja ― I slept stretched out
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. to roast
    Synonyms: yan, wì (“to singe”)
    Mo sun ẹran. ― I roasted the meat.
  2. to burn; to set on fire
    Synonyms: jó, jóná, dáná sun
    A máa ń sun òkú nínú àṣà tèmi. ― We cremate the dead in my culture.
    Àwọn jagunjagun ya wọ̀lú, wọ́n sì dáná sun ojúbọ ― The warriors raided the town and set the shrines on fire
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. to trickle; to flow
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sun

  1. (with ẹkún (“tears”)) to cry
    Wọ́n ń sun ẹkún níbi ìsìnkú ― They're crying at the burial ground
  2. to chant
    Ọdẹ ni ó máa ń sun ìjálá, ìyàwó ni ó máa ń sun ẹkún-ìyàwó ― Hunters chant ìjálá, and brides chant the ẹkún-ìyàwó
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 5Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sùn

  1. to aim; to target
    Ìyẹn ni mò ń fojú sùn lọ́dún tó ń bọ̀ ― That's what I aspire for this coming year
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 6Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sún

  1. to shift; to move
    Sún mọ́ mi. ― Move closer to me.
    Pẹ̀lúmi fẹ́ sún ìpàdé síwájú ― Pelumi wants to postpone the meeting
  2. to nudge; to motivate
    Ó sún mi láti wọ́de ― It motivated me to protest
  3. to prick
    Synonym: gún
    Ẹ̀gún sún mi lọ́wọ́ ― The thorn pricked me
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 7Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

sùn

  1. to make a complaint
    A ti fẹjọ́ yín sùn wọ́n ― We have reported you to them
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sun&oldid=72314033"