kuskailla

Finnish

Etymology

kuskata +‎ -illa (frequentative aspect)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuskɑi̯lːɑˣ/, [ˈkus̠kɑ̝i̯lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -uskɑilːɑ
• Syllabification^(key): kus‧kail‧la

Verb

kuskailla (colloquial)

1. (transitive) frequentative of kuskata (“to drive (someone or something)”)

Conjugation

Inflection of kuskailla (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kuskailen	en kuskaile	1st sing.	olen kuskaillut	en ole kuskaillut
2nd sing.		kuskailet	et kuskaile	2nd sing.	olet kuskaillut	et ole kuskaillut
3rd sing.		kuskailee	ei kuskaile	3rd sing.	on kuskaillut	ei ole kuskaillut
1st plur.		kuskailemme	emme kuskaile	1st plur.	olemme kuskailleet	emme ole kuskailleet
2nd plur.		kuskailette	ette kuskaile	2nd plur.	olette kuskailleet	ette ole kuskailleet
3rd plur.		kuskailevat	eivät kuskaile	3rd plur.	ovat kuskailleet	eivät ole kuskailleet
passive		kuskaillaan	ei kuskailla	passive	on kuskailtu	ei ole kuskailtu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kuskailin	en kuskaillut	1st sing.	olin kuskaillut	en ollut kuskaillut
2nd sing.		kuskailit	et kuskaillut	2nd sing.	olit kuskaillut	et ollut kuskaillut
3rd sing.		kuskaili	ei kuskaillut	3rd sing.	oli kuskaillut	ei ollut kuskaillut
1st plur.		kuskailimme	emme kuskailleet	1st plur.	olimme kuskailleet	emme olleet kuskailleet
2nd plur.		kuskailitte	ette kuskailleet	2nd plur.	olitte kuskailleet	ette olleet kuskailleet
3rd plur.		kuskailivat	eivät kuskailleet	3rd plur.	olivat kuskailleet	eivät olleet kuskailleet
passive		kuskailtiin	ei kuskailtu	passive	oli kuskailtu	ei ollut kuskailtu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kuskailisin	en kuskailisi	1st sing.	olisin kuskaillut	en olisi kuskaillut
2nd sing.		kuskailisit	et kuskailisi	2nd sing.	olisit kuskaillut	et olisi kuskaillut
3rd sing.		kuskailisi	ei kuskailisi	3rd sing.	olisi kuskaillut	ei olisi kuskaillut
1st plur.		kuskailisimme	emme kuskailisi	1st plur.	olisimme kuskailleet	emme olisi kuskailleet
2nd plur.		kuskailisitte	ette kuskailisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kuskailleet	ette olisi kuskailleet
3rd plur.		kuskailisivat	eivät kuskailisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kuskailleet	eivät olisi kuskailleet
passive		kuskailtaisiin	ei kuskailtaisi	passive	olisi kuskailtu	ei olisi kuskailtu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kuskaile	älä kuskaile	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kuskailkoon	älköön kuskailko	3rd sing.	olkoon kuskaillut	älköön olko kuskaillut
1st plur.		kuskailkaamme	älkäämme kuskailko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kuskailkaa	älkää kuskailko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kuskailkoot	älkööt kuskailko	3rd plur.	olkoot kuskailleet	älkööt olko kuskailleet
passive		kuskailtakoon	älköön kuskailtako	passive	olkoon kuskailtu	älköön olko kuskailtu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kuskaillen	en kuskaille	1st sing.	lienen kuskaillut	en liene kuskaillut
2nd sing.		kuskaillet	et kuskaille	2nd sing.	lienet kuskaillut	et liene kuskaillut
3rd sing.		kuskaillee	ei kuskaille	3rd sing.	lienee kuskaillut	ei liene kuskaillut
1st plur.		kuskaillemme	emme kuskaille	1st plur.	lienemme kuskailleet	emme liene kuskailleet
2nd plur.		kuskaillette	ette kuskaille	2nd plur.	lienette kuskailleet	ette liene kuskailleet
3rd plur.		kuskaillevat	eivät kuskaille	3rd plur.	lienevät kuskailleet	eivät liene kuskailleet
passive		kuskailtaneen	ei kuskailtane	passive	lienee kuskailtu	ei liene kuskailtu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kuskailla		present	kuskaileva	kuskailtava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kuskaillakseni kuskaillaksemme 2nd kuskaillaksesi kuskaillaksenne 3rd kuskaillakseen kuskaillaksensa		past	kuskaillut	kuskailtu
2nd	inessive2	kuskaillessa	kuskailtaessa	agent4	kuskailema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kuskaillessani kuskaillessamme 2nd kuskaillessasi kuskaillessanne 3rd kuskaillessaan kuskaillessansa		negative	kuskailematon
	instructive	kuskaillen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	kuskailemassa	—
	elative	kuskailemasta	—
	illative	kuskailemaan	—
	adessive	kuskailemalla	—
	abessive	kuskailematta	—
	instructive	kuskaileman	kuskailtaman
4th3	verbal noun	kuskaileminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kuskailemaisillani kuskailemaisillamme 2nd kuskailemaisillasi kuskailemaisillanne 3rd kuskailemaisillaan kuskailemaisillansa

Further reading

• “kuskailla”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02