Wiktionary

marbh

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish marb, from Proto-Celtic *marwos (“dead”) (compare Welsh marw), from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥wós (compare *mr̥tós), ultimately from the root *mer- (“to die”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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marbh (genitive singular masculine mairbh, genitive singular feminine mairbhe, plural marbha, comparative mairbhe)

  1. dead
    Tá m’athair féin marbh.
    My own father is dead.
  2. defunct

Declension

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Declension of marbh
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative marbh mharbh marbha;
mharbha²
Vocative mhairbh marbha
Genitive mairbhe marbha marbh
Dative marbh;
mharbh¹ 		mharbh;
mhairbh (archaic) 		marbha;
mharbha²
Comparative níos mairbhe
Superlative is mairbhe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

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See also

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Noun

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marbh m (genitive singular mairbh, nominative plural mairbh)

  1. corpse, dead person
    Synonym: marbhán
  2. (in the plural) the dead

Declension

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Declension of marbh

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative marbh mairbh
Vocative a mhairbh a mharbha
Genitive mairbh marbh
Dative marbh mairbh

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an marbh na mairbh
Genitive an mhairbh na marbh
Dative leis an marbh

don mharbh

leis na mairbh

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
marbh mharbh not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish marb, from Proto-Celtic *marwos (“dead”) (compare Welsh marw), from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥wós (compare *mr̥tós), ultimately from the root *mer- (“to die”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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marbh

  1. dead
  2. defunct

Synonyms

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Verb

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marbh (past mharbh, future marbhaidh, verbal noun marbhadh, past participle marbhta)

  1. kill, murder

Conjugation

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Conjugation of marbh (regular)
singular plural impersonal
first second third m/f first second third
independent past mharbh mi mharbh thu mharbh e/i mharbh sinn mharbh sibh mharbh iad mharbhadh
future marbhaidh mi marbhaidh tu marbhaidh e/i marbhaidh sinn marbhaidh sibh marbhaidh iad marbhar
marbhtar
conditional mharbhainn mharbhadh tu mharbhadh e/i mharbhamaid
mharbhadh sinn 		mharbhadh sibh mharbhadh iad mharbhtadh
mharbhaist(e)1
negative past cha do mharbh mi cha do mharbh thu cha do mharbh e/i cha do mharbh sinn cha do mharbh sibh cha do mharbh iad cha do mharbhadh
future cha mharbh mi cha mharbh thu cha mharbh e/i cha mharbh sinn cha mharbh sibh cha mharbh iad cha mharbhar
cha mharbhtar
conditional cha mharbhainn cha mharbhadh tu cha mharbhadh e/i cha mharbhamaid
cha mharbhadh sinn 		cha mharbhadh sibh cha mharbhadh iad cha mharbhtadh
cha mharbhaist(e)1
affirmative
interrogative 		past an do mharbh mi? an do mharbh thu? an do mharbh e/i? an do mharbh sinn? an do mharbh sibh? an do mharbh iad? an do mharbhadh?
future am marbh mi? am marbh thu? am marbh e/i? am marbh sinn? am marbh sibh? am marbh iad? am marbhar?
am marbhtar?
conditional am marbhainn? am marbhadh tu? am marbhadh e/i? am marbhamaid?
am marbhadh sinn? 		am marbhadh sibh? am marbhadh iad? am marbhtadh?
am marbhaist(e)1?
negative
interrogative 		past nach do mharbh mi? nach do mharbh thu? nach do mharbh e/i? nach do mharbh sinn? nach do mharbh sibh? nach do mharbh iad? nach do mharbhadh?
future nach marbh mi? nach marbh thu? nach marbh e/i? nach marbh sinn? nach marbh sibh? nach marbh iad? nach marbhar?
nach marbhtar?
conditional nach marbhainn? nach marbhadh tu? nach marbhadh e/i? nach marbhamaid?
nach marbhadh sinn? 		nach marbhadh sibh? nach marbhadh iad? nach marbhtadh?
nach marbhaist(e)1?
relative
future 		affirmative (ma) mharbhas mi (ma) mharbhas thu (ma) mharbhas e/i (ma) mharbhas sinn (ma) mharbhas sibh (ma) mharbhas iad (ma) mharbhar
negative (mur) marbh mi (mur) marbh thu (mur) marbh e/i (mur) marbh sinn (mur) marbh sibh (mur) marbh iad (mur) marbhar
(mur) marbhtar
imperative marbham marbh marbhadh e/i marbhamaid marbhaibh marbhadh iad marbhar
marbhtar
stem marbh
verbal noun marbhadh
past participle marbhta
1 Lewis dialect form

Noun

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marbh m (genitive singular mairbh, plural mairbh)

  1. dead, stillness, quiet
  2. dead person, corpse

Mutation

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Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
marbh mharbh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

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References

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “marbh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “marb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
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