moún

Old Tupi

Etymology

Causative of un, from mo- (causative voice prefix) +‎ un (“black”).

Verb

moún (first-person singular active indicative aîmoún, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîmoúni, gerund moúna, noun moúna) (transitive)

1. to dye black; to blacken
2. to darken
   • 1622, anonymous author, “T[i]ntureiro de panos”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 128; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

     Aomoundara.

     Dyer.

     (literally, “Cloth darkener.”)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of moún (transitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	mounukar
Reflexive	îemoún
Deverbals
-ba'e	oîmounyba'e
emi-	emimoúna／mimoúna
-pyr(a)	i mounymbyra
-sab(a)	moundaba
-sar(a)	moundara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	aîmoún	ereîmoún	oîmoún	oroîmoún	îaîmoún	peîmoún
Permissive	t'aîmoún	t'ereîmoún	t'oîmoún	t'oroîmoún	t'îaîmoún	ta peîmoún
Imperative		eîmoún				peîmoún
Negative indicative	n'aîmoúni	n'ereîmoúni	n'oîmoúni	n'oroîmoúni	n'îaîmoúni	na peîmoúni
Negative permissive	t'aîmoún umẽ	t'ereîmoún umẽ	t'oîmoún umẽ	t'oroîmoún umẽ	t'îaîmoún umẽ	ta peîmoún umẽ
Negative imperative		eîmoún umẽ				peîmoún umẽ
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	moúna
Negative	moune'yma
Gerund
Affirmative	xe moúna	nde moúna	i moúna	oré moúna	îandé moúna	pe moúna
Negative	xe moune'yma	nde moune'yma	i moune'yma	oré moune'yma	îandé moune'yma	pe moune'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe moúni		i moúni	oré moúni	îandé moúni
Negative	xe moune'ymi		i moune'ymi	oré moune'ymi	îandé moune'ymi

References

• anonymous author (1622) “Tingir de preto”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 128: “Aimoun [Aîmoún]”
• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “moún”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 316, column 2