nhzj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈnihzit/ → /ˈnihsiʔ/ → /ˈnehsa/ → /ˈnehsə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnihzit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnihsiʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnehsa/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnehsə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /nɛhzi/
  • Conventional anglicization: nehzi

Verb

 4ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) awake, to wake up [since the Pyramid Texts]
2. (transitive, Late Egyptian) to awaken (someone), to wake (someone) up

Inflection

Conjugation of nhzj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: nhz

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
nhzt, nhzj	nhzw, nhzyw, nhz	nhzt, nhzwt, nhzyt	nhz	nhz, nhzy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
nhz8	ḥr nhzt, ḥr nhzj	m nhzt, ḥr nhzj	r nhzt, ḥr nhzj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	nhz.n	nhzw, nhz, nhzy	consecutive	nhz.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	nhzt
perfective3	nhz	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	nhz.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	nhz, nhzy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	nhzw, nhz, nhzy	nhz	potentialis1	nhz.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	nhz, nhzy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	nhz.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	nhzw1, nhzy, nhz	active + .tj1, .tw2	nhz	nhzy, nhz
imperfective	nhz, nhzy, nhzw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	nhz, nhzj6, nhzy6	nhz, nhzw5
prospective	nhzw1, nhzy, nhz, nhztj7	—	nhzwtj1 4, nhztj4, nhzt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of nhzj  

nhzj

[Middle Kingdom]

Derived terms

• mnhz

Descendants

• Demotic: nhs
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ (nehsi)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 287.3–287.9
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 136