nitidus
Latin
editEtymology
editFrom niteō (“to shine”) + -idus.[1] The extended sense of 'pure, clean' (first attested in Marcellus Empiricus, ca. 400 CE) survives in the Gallo- and Italo-Romance descendants of the word.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈni.ti.dus/, [ˈnɪt̪ɪd̪ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈni.ti.dus/, [ˈniːt̪id̪us]
Adjective
editnitidus (feminine nitida, neuter nitidum, comparative nitidior, superlative nitidissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- shining, polished, glittering
- handsome, beautiful, good-looking
- (of persons) healthy-looking, well conditioned
- (of animals) sleek, plump
- Horace, Q. Horatii Flacci Satiræ. The Satires of Horace, in Philip Francis, A Poetical Translation of the Works of Horace, With the Original Text, vol. 2, 1749, publ. by A. Millar, page 178, line 214.
- Si quis lecticâ nitidam geſtare amet agnam;
- If any person should take a delight to carry about with him in his sedan a pretty lambkin
- Horace, Q. Horatii Flacci Satiræ. The Satires of Horace, in Philip Francis, A Poetical Translation of the Works of Horace, With the Original Text, vol. 2, 1749, publ. by A. Millar, page 178, line 214.
- (of plants) blooming, fertile
- (of speech or writing) cultivated, refined
- (Late Latin) pure, clean
Declension
editFirst/second-declension adjective.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | nitidus | nitida | nitidum | nitidī | nitidae | nitida | |
genitive | nitidī | nitidae | nitidī | nitidōrum | nitidārum | nitidōrum | |
dative | nitidō | nitidae | nitidō | nitidīs | |||
accusative | nitidum | nitidam | nitidum | nitidōs | nitidās | nitida | |
ablative | nitidō | nitidā | nitidō | nitidīs | |||
vocative | nitide | nitida | nitidum | nitidī | nitidae | nitida |
Descendants
edit- Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: neted (“smooth, clear”)
- North Italian:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Vulgar Latin:
- *nittus (via syncope; see there for further descendants)
- Borrowings:
References
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “niteō (> Derivatives: > nitidus)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 410
- ^ “nedo” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Further reading
edit- “nitidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “nitidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- nitidus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/ˈnɪtid-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “nĭtĭdus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 7: N–Pas, page 147