plump
See also: Plump
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump.
AdjectiveEdit
plump (comparative plumper or more plump, superlative plumpest or most plump)
- Having a full and rounded shape; chubby, somewhat overweight.
- a plump baby; plump cheeks
- 1651, Thomas Carew, To my friend G. N. from Wrest:
- The god of wine did his plump clusters bring.
- 2015, Anton Chekhov, The Life and Genius of Anton Chekhov: Letters, Diary, Reminiscences and Biography: Assorted Collection of Autobiographical Writings of the Renowned Russian Author and Playwright of Uncle Vanya, The Cherry Orchard, The Three Sisters and The Seagull, e-artnow, →ISBN:
- My ideal is to be idle and to love a plump girl.
- 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 23, in Crime out of Mind:
- He was a plump little man and we had been walking uphill at a pace—set by him—far too rapid for his short legs. He breathed stertorously, and half the drops which glimmered on his rotund face were not rain but sweat.
- Fat.
- Sudden and without reservation; blunt; direct; downright.
- 1898, George Saintsbury, A Short History of English Literature:
- After the plump statement that the author was at Erceldoune and spake with Thomas.
SynonymsEdit
- See also Thesaurus:obese
AntonymsEdit
- See also Thesaurus:scrawny
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
Having a full and rounded shape, chubby
VerbEdit
plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)
- (intransitive) To grow plump; to swell out.
- Her cheeks have plumped.
- (transitive) To make plump; to fill (out) or support; often with up.
- to plump oysters or scallops by placing them in fresh or brackish water
- 1655, Thomas Fuller, James Nichols, editor, The Church History of Britain, […], new edition, volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [James Nichols] for Thomas Tegg and Son, […], published 1837, →OCLC:
- to plump up the hollowness of their history with improbable miracles
- (transitive) To cast or let drop all at once, suddenly and heavily.
- to plump a stone into water
- 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC:
- Although Miss Pross, through her long association with a French family, might have known as much of their language as of her own, if she had had a mind, she had no mind in that direction […] So her manner of marketing was to plump a noun-substantive at the head of a shopkeeper without any introduction in the nature of an article […]
- (intransitive) To give a plumper (kind of vote).
- (transitive) To give (a vote), as a plumper.
- (transitive with for) To favor or decide in favor of something.
- 2014, “Brazil in a nutshell”, in The Economist:
- A recent poll by the New York Times found that although most Brazilians plump for arch-rival Argentina as the team they most want to lose, the second-biggest group want Brazil itself to stumble.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpfen.
VerbEdit
plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)
- (intransitive) To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at once.
- September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude
- Dulcissa plumps into a chair.
- September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude
TranslationsEdit
To drop or fall suddenly or heavily
|
AdverbEdit
plump
- Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 49, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 253:
- I suppose then, that going plump on a flying whale with your sail set in a foggy squall is the height of a whaleman’s discretion?
NounEdit
plump (plural plumps)
- The sound of a sudden heavy fall.
- 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:
- As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.
Etymology 3Edit
From Middle English plump.
NounEdit
plump (plural plumps)
- (obsolete) A knot or cluster; a group; a crowd.
- a plump of trees, fowls, or spears
- 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:
- To visit islands and the plumps of men.
- A group of geese flying close together.
ReferencesEdit
- “plump”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
plump (strong nominative masculine singular plumper, comparative plumper, superlative am plumpsten or (uncommon) am plumpesten)
- clumsy (movement of person or animal that is often dumpy)
- clumsy; crude; brazen (of a trick or strategy)
- ein plumper Versuch ― a crude attempt
- squat, stumpy
DeclensionEdit
Positive forms of plump
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist plump | sie ist plump | es ist plump | sie sind plump | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | plumper | plumpe | plumpes | plumpe |
| genitive | plumpen | plumper | plumpen | plumper | |
| dative | plumpem | plumper | plumpem | plumpen | |
| accusative | plumpen | plumpe | plumpes | plumpe | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der plumpe | die plumpe | das plumpe | die plumpen |
| genitive | des plumpen | der plumpen | des plumpen | der plumpen | |
| dative | dem plumpen | der plumpen | dem plumpen | den plumpen | |
| accusative | den plumpen | die plumpe | das plumpe | die plumpen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein plumper | eine plumpe | ein plumpes | (keine) plumpen |
| genitive | eines plumpen | einer plumpen | eines plumpen | (keiner) plumpen | |
| dative | einem plumpen | einer plumpen | einem plumpen | (keinen) plumpen | |
| accusative | einen plumpen | eine plumpe | ein plumpes | (keine) plumpen | |
Comparative forms of plump
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist plumper | sie ist plumper | es ist plumper | sie sind plumper | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | plumperer | plumpere | plumperes | plumpere |
| genitive | plumperen | plumperer | plumperen | plumperer | |
| dative | plumperem | plumperer | plumperem | plumperen | |
| accusative | plumperen | plumpere | plumperes | plumpere | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der plumpere | die plumpere | das plumpere | die plumperen |
| genitive | des plumperen | der plumperen | des plumperen | der plumperen | |
| dative | dem plumperen | der plumperen | dem plumperen | den plumperen | |
| accusative | den plumperen | die plumpere | das plumpere | die plumperen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein plumperer | eine plumpere | ein plumperes | (keine) plumperen |
| genitive | eines plumperen | einer plumperen | eines plumperen | (keiner) plumperen | |
| dative | einem plumperen | einer plumperen | einem plumperen | (keinen) plumperen | |
| accusative | einen plumperen | eine plumpere | ein plumperes | (keine) plumperen | |
Superlative forms of plump
1Uncommon.
Further readingEdit
IrishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /pˠl̪ˠʊmˠpˠ/
NounEdit
plump f (genitive singular plumpa, nominative plural plumpanna)
- Cois Fharraige form of plimp
DeclensionEdit
Declension of plump
|
Bare forms:
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived termsEdit
MutationEdit
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| plump | phlump | bplump |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further readingEdit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “plump”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Norwegian BokmålEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
plump
SwedishEdit
AdjectiveEdit
plump (comparative plumpare, superlative plumpast)
- (possibly unintentionally) offensive due to lacking tact; rude, vulgar, tactless
- Komikern var kul i början, men när han gjorde sig lustig över utseendet hos killen i publiken blev det plumpt
- The comedian started out funny, but when he made fun of the looks of the guy in the audience it stopped being funny
DeclensionEdit
| Inflection of plump | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
| Common singular | plump | plumpare | plumpast |
| Neuter singular | plumpt | plumpare | plumpast |
| Plural | plumpa | plumpare | plumpast |
| Masculine plural3 | plumpe | plumpare | plumpast |
| Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
| Masculine singular1 | plumpe | plumpare | plumpaste |
| All | plumpa | plumpare | plumpaste |
| 1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic | |||
NounEdit
plump c
- a blot (of ink)
- Synonym: bläckplump (“inkblot”)
DeclensionEdit
| Declension of plump | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | plump | plumpen | plumpar | plumparna |
| Genitive | plumps | plumpens | plumpars | plumparnas |