Zulu edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb edit

-phahla

  1. (transitive) to encircle, to surround
  2. (transitive) to store away, to pack together

Inflection edit

Tone L
Infinitive ukuphahla
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuphahla ukungaphahli
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular phahla -phahle
Plural phahlani -phahleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaphahla, ngiphahla engiphahlayo, engiphahla ngiphahla angiphahli engingaphahli ngingaphahli
2nd singular uyaphahla, uphahla ophahlayo, ophahla uphahla awuphahli ongaphahli ungaphahli
1st plural siyaphahla, siphahla esiphahlayo, esiphahla siphahla asiphahli esingaphahli singaphahli
2nd plural niyaphahla, niphahla eniphahlayo, eniphahla niphahla aniphahli eningaphahli ningaphahli
Class 1 uyaphahla, uphahla ophahlayo, ophahla ephahla akaphahli ongaphahli engaphahli
Class 2 bayaphahla, baphahla abaphahlayo, abaphahla bephahla abaphahli abangaphahli bengaphahli
Class 3 uyaphahla, uphahla ophahlayo, ophahla uphahla awuphahli ongaphahli ungaphahli
Class 4 iyaphahla, iphahla ephahlayo, ephahla iphahla ayiphahli engaphahli ingaphahli
Class 5 liyaphahla, liphahla eliphahlayo, eliphahla liphahla aliphahli elingaphahli lingaphahli
Class 6 ayaphahla, aphahla aphahlayo, aphahla ephahla awaphahli angaphahli engaphahli
Class 7 siyaphahla, siphahla esiphahlayo, esiphahla siphahla asiphahli esingaphahli singaphahli
Class 8 ziyaphahla, ziphahla eziphahlayo, eziphahla ziphahla aziphahli ezingaphahli zingaphahli
Class 9 iyaphahla, iphahla ephahlayo, ephahla iphahla ayiphahli engaphahli ingaphahli
Class 10 ziyaphahla, ziphahla eziphahlayo, eziphahla ziphahla aziphahli ezingaphahli zingaphahli
Class 11 luyaphahla, luphahla oluphahlayo, oluphahla luphahla aluphahli olungaphahli lungaphahli
Class 14 buyaphahla, buphahla obuphahlayo, obuphahla buphahla abuphahli obungaphahli bungaphahli
Class 15 kuyaphahla, kuphahla okuphahlayo, okuphahla kuphahla akuphahli okungaphahli kungaphahli
Class 17 kuyaphahla, kuphahla okuphahlayo, okuphahla kuphahla akuphahli okungaphahli kungaphahli
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiphahlile, ngiphahlē engiphahlile, engiphahlē ngiphahlile, ngiphahlē angiphahlanga engingaphahlanga ngingaphahlanga
2nd singular uphahlile, uphahlē ophahlile, ophahlē uphahlile, uphahlē awuphahlanga ongaphahlanga ungaphahlanga
1st plural siphahlile, siphahlē esiphahlile, esiphahlē siphahlile, siphahlē asiphahlanga esingaphahlanga singaphahlanga
2nd plural niphahlile, niphahlē eniphahlile, eniphahlē niphahlile, niphahlē aniphahlanga eningaphahlanga ningaphahlanga
Class 1 uphahlile, uphahlē ophahlile, ophahlē ephahlile, ephahlē akaphahlanga ongaphahlanga engaphahlanga
Class 2 baphahlile, baphahlē abaphahlile, abaphahlē bephahlile, bephahlē abaphahlanga abangaphahlanga bengaphahlanga
Class 3 uphahlile, uphahlē ophahlile, ophahlē uphahlile, uphahlē awuphahlanga ongaphahlanga ungaphahlanga
Class 4 iphahlile, iphahlē ephahlile, ephahlē iphahlile, iphahlē ayiphahlanga engaphahlanga ingaphahlanga
Class 5 liphahlile, liphahlē eliphahlile, eliphahlē liphahlile, liphahlē aliphahlanga elingaphahlanga lingaphahlanga
Class 6 aphahlile, aphahlē aphahlile, aphahlē ephahlile, ephahlē awaphahlanga angaphahlanga engaphahlanga
Class 7 siphahlile, siphahlē esiphahlile, esiphahlē siphahlile, siphahlē asiphahlanga esingaphahlanga singaphahlanga
Class 8 ziphahlile, ziphahlē eziphahlile, eziphahlē ziphahlile, ziphahlē aziphahlanga ezingaphahlanga zingaphahlanga
Class 9 iphahlile, iphahlē ephahlile, ephahlē iphahlile, iphahlē ayiphahlanga engaphahlanga ingaphahlanga
Class 10 ziphahlile, ziphahlē eziphahlile, eziphahlē ziphahlile, ziphahlē aziphahlanga ezingaphahlanga zingaphahlanga
Class 11 luphahlile, luphahlē oluphahlile, oluphahlē luphahlile, luphahlē aluphahlanga olungaphahlanga lungaphahlanga
Class 14 buphahlile, buphahlē obuphahlile, obuphahlē buphahlile, buphahlē abuphahlanga obungaphahlanga bungaphahlanga
Class 15 kuphahlile, kuphahlē okuphahlile, okuphahlē kuphahlile, kuphahlē akuphahlanga okungaphahlanga kungaphahlanga
Class 17 kuphahlile, kuphahlē okuphahlile, okuphahlē kuphahlile, kuphahlē akuphahlanga okungaphahlanga kungaphahlanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāphahla engāphahla ngāphahla angiphahlanga engingaphahlanga ngingaphahlanga
2nd singular wāphahla owāphahla wāphahla awuphahlanga ongaphahlanga ungaphahlanga
1st plural sāphahla esāphahla sāphahla asiphahlanga esingaphahlanga singaphahlanga
2nd plural nāphahla enāphahla nāphahla aniphahlanga eningaphahlanga ningaphahlanga
Class 1 wāphahla owāphahla āphahla akaphahlanga ongaphahlanga engaphahlanga
Class 2 bāphahla abāphahla bāphahla abaphahlanga abangaphahlanga bengaphahlanga
Class 3 wāphahla owāphahla wāphahla awuphahlanga ongaphahlanga ungaphahlanga
Class 4 yāphahla eyāphahla yāphahla ayiphahlanga engaphahlanga ingaphahlanga
Class 5 lāphahla elāphahla lāphahla aliphahlanga elingaphahlanga lingaphahlanga
Class 6 āphahla āphahla āphahla awaphahlanga angaphahlanga engaphahlanga
Class 7 sāphahla esāphahla sāphahla asiphahlanga esingaphahlanga singaphahlanga
Class 8 zāphahla ezāphahla zāphahla aziphahlanga ezingaphahlanga zingaphahlanga
Class 9 yāphahla eyāphahla yāphahla ayiphahlanga engaphahlanga ingaphahlanga
Class 10 zāphahla ezāphahla zāphahla aziphahlanga ezingaphahlanga zingaphahlanga
Class 11 lwāphahla olwāphahla lwāphahla aluphahlanga olungaphahlanga lungaphahlanga
Class 14 bāphahla obāphahla bāphahla abuphahlanga obungaphahlanga bungaphahlanga
Class 15 kwāphahla okwāphahla kwāphahla akuphahlanga okungaphahlanga kungaphahlanga
Class 17 kwāphahla okwāphahla kwāphahla akuphahlanga okungaphahlanga kungaphahlanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaphahla ngingaphahla ngingephahle ngingephahle
2nd singular ungaphahla ungaphahla ungephahle ungephahle
1st plural singaphahla singaphahla singephahle singephahle
2nd plural ningaphahla ningaphahla ningephahle ningephahle
Class 1 angaphahla engaphahla angephahle engephahle
Class 2 bangaphahla bengaphahla bangephahle bengephahle
Class 3 ungaphahla ungaphahla ungephahle ungephahle
Class 4 ingaphahla ingaphahla ingephahle ingephahle
Class 5 lingaphahla lingaphahla lingephahle lingephahle
Class 6 angaphahla engaphahla angephahle engephahle
Class 7 singaphahla singaphahla singephahle singephahle
Class 8 zingaphahla zingaphahla zingephahle zingephahle
Class 9 ingaphahla ingaphahla ingephahle ingephahle
Class 10 zingaphahla zingaphahla zingephahle zingephahle
Class 11 lungaphahla lungaphahla lungephahle lungephahle
Class 14 bungaphahla bungaphahla bungephahle bungephahle
Class 15 kungaphahla kungaphahla kungephahle kungephahle
Class 17 kungaphahla kungaphahla kungephahle kungephahle
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizophahla engizophahla ngizophahla angizuphahla engingezuphahla ngingezuphahla
2nd singular uzophahla ozophahla uzophahla awuzuphahla ongezuphahla ungezuphahla
1st plural sizophahla esizophahla sizophahla asizuphahla esingezuphahla singezuphahla
2nd plural nizophahla enizophahla nizophahla anizuphahla eningezuphahla ningezuphahla
Class 1 uzophahla ozophahla ezophahla akazuphahla ongezuphahla engezuphahla
Class 2 bazophahla abazophahla bezophahla abazuphahla abangezuphahla bengezuphahla
Class 3 uzophahla ozophahla uzophahla awuzuphahla ongezuphahla ungezuphahla
Class 4 izophahla ezophahla izophahla ayizuphahla engezuphahla ingezuphahla
Class 5 lizophahla elizophahla lizophahla alizuphahla elingezuphahla lingezuphahla
Class 6 azophahla azophahla ezophahla awazuphahla angezuphahla engezuphahla
Class 7 sizophahla esizophahla sizophahla asizuphahla esingezuphahla singezuphahla
Class 8 zizophahla ezizophahla zizophahla azizuphahla ezingezuphahla zingezuphahla
Class 9 izophahla ezophahla izophahla ayizuphahla engezuphahla ingezuphahla
Class 10 zizophahla ezizophahla zizophahla azizuphahla ezingezuphahla zingezuphahla
Class 11 luzophahla oluzophahla luzophahla aluzuphahla olungezuphahla lungezuphahla
Class 14 buzophahla obuzophahla buzophahla abuzuphahla obungezuphahla bungezuphahla
Class 15 kuzophahla okuzophahla kuzophahla akuzuphahla okungezuphahla kungezuphahla
Class 17 kuzophahla okuzophahla kuzophahla akuzuphahla okungezuphahla kungezuphahla
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyophahla engiyophahla ngiyophahla angiyuphahla engingeyuphahla ngingeyuphahla
2nd singular uyophahla oyophahla uyophahla awuyuphahla ongeyuphahla ungeyuphahla
1st plural siyophahla esiyophahla siyophahla asiyuphahla esingeyuphahla singeyuphahla
2nd plural niyophahla eniyophahla niyophahla aniyuphahla eningeyuphahla ningeyuphahla
Class 1 uyophahla oyophahla eyophahla akayuphahla ongeyuphahla engeyuphahla
Class 2 bayophahla abayophahla beyophahla abayuphahla abangeyuphahla bengeyuphahla
Class 3 uyophahla oyophahla uyophahla awuyuphahla ongeyuphahla ungeyuphahla
Class 4 iyophahla eyophahla iyophahla ayiyuphahla engeyuphahla ingeyuphahla
Class 5 liyophahla eliyophahla liyophahla aliyuphahla elingeyuphahla lingeyuphahla
Class 6 ayophahla ayophahla eyophahla awayuphahla angeyuphahla engeyuphahla
Class 7 siyophahla esiyophahla siyophahla asiyuphahla esingeyuphahla singeyuphahla
Class 8 ziyophahla eziyophahla ziyophahla aziyuphahla ezingeyuphahla zingeyuphahla
Class 9 iyophahla eyophahla iyophahla ayiyuphahla engeyuphahla ingeyuphahla
Class 10 ziyophahla eziyophahla ziyophahla aziyuphahla ezingeyuphahla zingeyuphahla
Class 11 luyophahla oluyophahla luyophahla aluyuphahla olungeyuphahla lungeyuphahla
Class 14 buyophahla obuyophahla buyophahla abuyuphahla obungeyuphahla bungeyuphahla
Class 15 kuyophahla okuyophahla kuyophahla akuyuphahla okungeyuphahla kungeyuphahla
Class 17 kuyophahla okuyophahla kuyophahla akuyuphahla okungeyuphahla kungeyuphahla
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngiphahle ngingaphahli
2nd singular uphahle ungaphahli
1st plural siphahle singaphahli
2nd plural niphahle ningaphahli
Class 1 aphahle angaphahli
Class 2 baphahle bangaphahli
Class 3 uphahle ungaphahli
Class 4 iphahle ingaphahli
Class 5 liphahle lingaphahli
Class 6 aphahle angaphahli
Class 7 siphahle singaphahli
Class 8 ziphahle zingaphahli
Class 9 iphahle ingaphahli
Class 10 ziphahle zingaphahli
Class 11 luphahle lungaphahli
Class 14 buphahle bungaphahli
Class 15 kuphahle kungaphahli
Class 17 kuphahle kungaphahli
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaphahla ngangaphahla, angaphahla, angangaphahla
2nd singular waphahla wangaphahla, awaphahla, awangaphahla
1st plural saphahla sangaphahla, asaphahla, asangaphahla
2nd plural naphahla nangaphahla, anaphahla, anangaphahla
Class 1 waphahla wangaphahla, akaphahla, akangaphahla
Class 2 baphahla bangaphahla, abaphahla, abangaphahla
Class 3 waphahla wangaphahla, awaphahla, awangaphahla
Class 4 yaphahla yangaphahla, ayaphahla, ayangaphahla
Class 5 laphahla langaphahla, alaphahla, alangaphahla
Class 6 aphahla angaphahla, awaphahla, awangaphahla
Class 7 saphahla sangaphahla, asaphahla, asangaphahla
Class 8 zaphahla zangaphahla, azaphahla, azangaphahla
Class 9 yaphahla yangaphahla, ayaphahla, ayangaphahla
Class 10 zaphahla zangaphahla, azaphahla, azangaphahla
Class 11 lwaphahla lwangaphahla, alwaphahla, alwangaphahla
Class 14 baphahla bangaphahla, abaphahla, abangaphahla
Class 15 kwaphahla kwangaphahla, akwaphahla, akwangaphahla
Class 17 kwaphahla kwangaphahla, akwaphahla, akwangaphahla

Derived terms edit

References edit