pihen
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
From the old Hungarian pih (“to pluck feathers; to breathe”) + -en (instantaneous suffix). [1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
pihen
- (intransitive) to rest
Conjugation edit
conjugation of pihen
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | pihenek | pihensz | pihen | pihenünk | pihentek | pihennek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | pihentem | pihentél | pihent | pihentünk | pihentetek | pihentek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. pihenni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | pihenék | pihenél | pihene | pihenénk | pihenétek | pihenének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. pihen vala, pihent vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | pihenendek | pihenendesz | pihenend | pihenendünk | pihenendetek | pihenendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | pihennék | pihennél | pihenne | pihennénk | pihennétek | pihennének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pihent volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | pihenjek | pihenj or pihenjél |
pihenjen | pihenjünk | pihenjetek | pihenjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pihent légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | pihenni | pihennem | pihenned | pihennie | pihennünk | pihennetek | pihenniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| pihenés | pihenő | pihent | ― | pihenve (pihenvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of pihen
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | pihenhetek | pihenhetsz | pihenhet | pihenhetünk | pihenhettek | pihenhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | pihenhettem | pihenhettél | pihenhetett | pihenhettünk | pihenhettetek | pihenhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | pihenheték | pihenhetél | pihenhete | pihenheténk | pihenhetétek | pihenhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. pihenhet vala, pihenhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | pihenhetendek or pihenandhatok |
pihenhetendesz or pihenandhatsz |
pihenhetend or pihenandhat |
pihenhetendünk or pihenandhatunk |
pihenhetendetek or pihenandhattok |
pihenhetendenek or pihenandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | pihenhetnék | pihenhetnél | pihenhetne | pihenhetnénk | pihenhetnétek | pihenhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. pihenhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | pihenhessek | pihenhess or pihenhessél |
pihenhessen | pihenhessünk | pihenhessetek | pihenhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. pihenhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (pihenhetni) | (pihenhetnem) | (pihenhetned) | (pihenhetnie) | (pihenhetnünk) | (pihenhetnetek) | (pihenhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (pihenhetve / pihenhetvén) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
References edit
- ^ pihen in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading edit
- pihen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN