pokla
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editpokol (“hell”) + -a (“his/her/its”, possessive suffix)
Noun
editpokla
Declension
editInflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pokla | — |
accusative | poklát | — |
dative | poklának | — |
instrumental | poklával | — |
causal-final | pokláért | — |
translative | poklává | — |
terminative | pokláig | — |
essive-formal | poklaként | — |
essive-modal | poklául | — |
inessive | poklában | — |
superessive | poklán | — |
adessive | poklánál | — |
illative | poklába | — |
sublative | poklára | — |
allative | poklához | — |
elative | poklából | — |
delative | pokláról | — |
ablative | poklától | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
pokláé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
pokláéi | — |
Etymology 2
editOf uncertain origin; possibly a Slavic loanword, compare Serbo-Croatian poklad (“stock, reserve, storage”), Polish pokład (“layer, level, deck, storage”), and Ukrainian по́клад (póklad, “storage, deposit”); ultimately from Proto-Slavic *po and *klasti (“to place, lay”).[1] It may have undergone rebracketing (hence the uncertainty of its analysis and its alternation in terms of the possessive), possibly on more than one occasion.
Noun
editpokla (plural poklák)
Declension
editIts forms depend on whether it is analyzed as possessive-suffixed (it is supplied as such in A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára[1] and in the new edition of Magyar értelmező kéziszótár[2] but not as one in Új magyar etimológiai szótár[3] and in Új magyar tájszótár[4]; A magyar nyelv történeti-etimológiai szótára[5] and E-Szókincs allowing both[6]; compare also the two references in Magyar Nyelvőr[7][8]). If it is viewed as already having this suffix, its plural forms and possessive forms are to be disregarded.
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | pokla | poklák |
accusative | poklát | poklákat |
dative | poklának | pokláknak |
instrumental | poklával | poklákkal |
causal-final | pokláért | poklákért |
translative | poklává | poklákká |
terminative | pokláig | poklákig |
essive-formal | poklaként | poklákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | poklában | poklákban |
superessive | poklán | poklákon |
adessive | poklánál | pokláknál |
illative | poklába | poklákba |
sublative | poklára | poklákra |
allative | poklához | poklákhoz |
elative | poklából | poklákból |
delative | pokláról | poklákról |
ablative | poklától | pokláktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
pokláé | pokláké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
pokláéi | poklákéi |
Possessive forms of pokla | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | poklám | pokláim |
2nd person sing. | poklád | pokláid |
3rd person sing. | poklája, pokla | poklái |
1st person plural | poklánk | pokláink |
2nd person plural | poklátok | pokláitok |
3rd person plural | poklájuk, pokluk | pokláik |
References
edit- ^ pokla in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
edit- pokla in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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