pokuta

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech pokuta, from Old Czech pokutiti. Possibly ultimately from Proto-Slavic *pokǫta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpokuta]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

pokuta f (related adjective pokutový)

1. fine (payment or fee)

   uložit pokutu ― to impose a fine

   Proč mám platit pokutu? ― Why do I have to pay the fine?

Declension

Declension of pokuta (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	pokuta	pokuty
genitive	pokuty	pokut
dative	pokutě	pokutám
accusative	pokutu	pokuty
vocative	pokuto	pokuty
locative	pokutě	pokutách
instrumental	pokutou	pokutami

Descendants

• → Polish: pokuta
  • → Ukrainian: покута (pokuta)

Further reading

• “pokuta”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
• “pokuta”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “pokuta”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Old Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈpokuta/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈpokuta/

Noun

pokuta f

1. penance
2. fine (payment or fee)

Declension

Declension of pokuta (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	pokuta	pokutě	pokuty
genitive	pokuty	pokutú	pokut
dative	pokutě	pokutama	pokutám
accusative	pokutu	pokutě	pokuty
vocative	pokuto	pokutě	pokuty
locative	pokutě	pokutú	pokutách
instrumental	pokutú	pokutama	pokutami

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: pokuta

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “pokuta”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Czech pokuta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɔˈku.ta/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uta
• Syllabification: po‧ku‧ta

Noun

pokuta f

1. penance

   Synonym: ekspiacja f

Declension

Declension of pokuta

	singular	plural
nominative	pokuta	pokuty
genitive	pokuty	pokut
dative	pokucie	pokutom
accusative	pokutę	pokuty
instrumental	pokutą	pokutami
locative	pokucie	pokutach
vocative	pokuto	pokuty

Derived terms

adjective

• pokutny

 

nouns

• pokutnica
• pokutnik

 

verbs

• odpokutować
• pokutować

 

Further reading

• pokuta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pokuta in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɔkuta]

Noun

pokuta f

1. fine (payment or fee)

Declension

Declension of pokuta

	singular	plural
nominative	pokuta	pokuty
genitive	pokuty	pokút
dative	pokute	pokutám
accusative	pokutu	pokuty
locative	pokute	pokutách
instrumental	pokutou	pokutami

Further reading

• “pokuta”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024