sḫd

See also: shd, sḥd, and sḥḏ

Egyptian

Etymology

Prefixed with s-.

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛxɛd/
  • Conventional anglicization: sekhed

Verb

 caus. 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to invert

Inflection

Conjugation of sḫd (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: sḫd

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sḫdt, sḫd	sḫdw, sḫd	sḫdt	sḫd	sḫd

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sḫd	ḥr sḫd	m sḫd	r sḫd

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sḫd.n	sḫdw, sḫd	consecutive	sḫd.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sḫdt
perfective3	sḫd	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sḫd.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sḫd	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sḫdw, sḫd, sḫdy	sḫdw, sḫd, sḫdy	potentialis1	sḫd.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sḫd	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sḫd.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sḫd	active + .tj1, .tw2	sḫd	sḫd, sḫdw5, sḫdy5
imperfective	sḫd, sḫdy, sḫdw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sḫd, sḫdj6, sḫdy6	sḫd, sḫdw5
prospective	sḫd, sḫdtj7	—	sḫdwtj1 4, sḫdtj4, sḫdt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḫd  

sḫd

Derived terms

• sḫdḫd

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 158, 290.