thoái hoá
Vietnamese edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Sino-Vietnamese word from 退化, composed of 退 (“to back off”) and 化 (“to transform”), from Japanese 退化 (taika).
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰwaːj˧˦ hwaː˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [tʰwaːj˨˩˦ hwaː˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [tʰ⁽ʷ⁾aːj˦˥ waː˦˥]
Verb edit
- to degenerate, decline or regress
- thoái hoá đốt sống cổ
- cervical degenerative disease
- thoái hoá phẩm chất đạo đức
- moral decline